TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, sometimes aquatic
Leaves generally basal and cauline, generally alternate, simple or compound; petioles at base generally flat, sometimes sheathing or stipule-like
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; sepals generally 5, free, early deciduous or withering in fruit, generally green; petals 0many, free; stamens generally 10many; pistils 1many, ovary superior, chamber 1, style 1, generally ± persistent in fruit as beak, ovules 1many
Fruit: achene, follicle, berry, or utricle-like, 1many-seeded
Genera in family: ± 60 genera, 1700 species: worldwide, especially n temp, tropical mtns; many ornamental (Adonis, Aquilegia, Clematis, Consolida, Delphinium, Erianthis, Helleborus ),some highly TOXIC (Aconitum, Actaea, Delphinium, Ranunculus )
Reference: [Duncan & Keener 1991 Phytologia 70:2427]
Generally woody vine, sometimes dioecious
Leaves generally 12-pinnate, cauline, generally opposite; petiole generally twining; leaflets ovate to lanceolate, often irregularly 23-lobed, coarsely toothed
Inflorescence: panicle to 1-flowered, axillary or terminal
Flower radial; sepals generally 4, free, petal-like, generally lanceolate, white to cream (or brightly colored elsewhere); petals 0; stamens many, free; pistils generally many, simple
Fruit: many achenes, each generally with an elongate, feathery style
Species in genus: 250 species: worldwide
Etymology: (Greek: twig)
Worldwide revision badly needed but CA species distinct.
Native |
Leaf: leaflets 515, irregularly lobed or toothed, largest on plant 28 cm
Inflorescence severalmany-flowered, axillary
Flower: sepals 610 mm, both surfaces hairy; stamens 2540, 59 mm, ± = sepals; pistils 3565
Fruit: body hairy
Ecology: Along streams, wet places
Elevation: < 2400 m.
Bioregional distribution: California
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, South Dakota, New Mexico, nw Mexico
Flowering time: JunSep
Horticultural information: IRR: 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 22, 23, 24 &SHD: 8, 9, 18, 19, 20, 21.