| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Subshrubs
Stems branched
Leaves alternate, generally variously lobed
Inflorescence: heads radiate, solitary, generally standing above leaves; phyllaries overlapping, in 3–4 series, green, margins scarious; receptacle convex to conic, naked
Ray flowers white, yellow, or pink
Disk flowers many; corollas yellow; anther tips ovate, bases rounded or ± cordate; style branches truncate with shrub-like tips
Fruit: ray achenes 3-angled, 2–3-winged, pappus a crown; disk achenes 4-angled or compressed, wings 1–2 or 0, pappus a crown
Species in genus: 22 species: Canary Islands, Madeira
Reference: [Humphries 1976 Bull Brit Mus Bot 5:147–240]
A. frutescens (Paris daisy) is widely cultivated.
| Introduced |
Stems generally < 1 m, robust, much-branched
Leaves < 10 cm, obovate in outline, deeply 2- or 3-pinnately lobed, glaucous; primary lobes ± 8, segments linear
Inflorescence: heads ± 5 cm diam; phyllaries with jagged, scarious margins, midrib ± fleshy
Ray flowers ± 20; ligules 15–22 mm, white
Disk flowers many; corollas 4 mm
Fruit: ray achenes 5–6 mm, 3-angled, 3-winged; disk achenes < 3 mm, compressed, wing 1, small, pappus a short, toothed crown
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Uncommon. Escape from cultivated in disturbed, urban, coastal areas
Elevation: < 200 m.
Bioregional distribution: San Francisco Bay Area, South Coast
Distribution outside California: native to Canary Islands
Synonyms: Chrysanthemum f. (Willd.) Desf.; C. anethifolium Willd