| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to (soft-wooded) trees, glabrous or stinging-hairy, monoecious or dioecious
Leaves alternate or opposite, generally stipuled, petioled, often with embedded crystals
Inflorescence various, axillary
Flowers generally unisexual, small, greenish; sepals generally 4–5, free to fused; petals 0
Staminate flower: stamens generally 4–5, opposite sepals, in bud incurved, then springing out
Pistillate flower: ovary 1, superior, chamber 1, style 0–1, stigma 1, generally hair-tufted
Fruit: generally achene (drupe)
Genera in family: 50 genera, 700 species: worldwide; some cultivated (Boehmeria ; Pilea , clearweed)
Reference: [Miller 1971 J Arnold Arb 52:40–68]
Wind-pollinated.
Annual or perennial herb, not stinging-hairy
Leaves alternate, 1–8 cm, lanceolate to round, entire; stipules 0; crystals round
Inflorescence head-, spike-, or panicle-like, generally few-flowered; flowers subtended by involucre of 1–3 bracts
Flower: sepals 4, fused below
Staminate flower: stamens 4
Fruit ovoid, shiny
Species in genus: 20–30 species: worldwide
Etymology: (Latin: wall, from habitat of some)
Reference: [Hinton 1969 Sida 3:293–297]
| Native |
Annual 2–55 cm, decumbent to erect, sometimes matted
Leaf: blade 5–20 mm, ovate to round, base generally truncate to cordate, tip notched to short-acuminate, lowest veins often from basal margin
Flower: calyx lobes generally 2–3 mm, acute or acuminate
Fruit hidden between calyx lobes, 0.9–1.3 mm, ovate, tan to ± brown, tip obtuse
Ecology: Chaparral, deserts, dry woodlands, roadsides, often moist shade, sandy or rocky soils
Elevation: < 1400 m.
Bioregional distribution: San Francisco Bay Area, Southwestern California, Desert
Distribution outside California: to Utah, New Mexico, nw Mexico
Synonyms: P. floridana Nutt. misapplied
| Native |
Leaf: blade ovate, longer than wide
Flower: calyx lobes erect, acute, dark reddish brown
Ecology:± habitats and range of sp.
Bioregional distribution: San Francisco Bay Area, Southwestern California, Desert
Flowering time: Feb–Jun