TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5many, pistils (0)1many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 15
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 15
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303332,344401,611662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.
Shrub to vine, often thicket-forming, generally prickly
Leaves generally odd-pinnately compound; stipules generally attached to petiole, generally gland-margined
Inflorescence: generally ± cyme or flowers solitary
Flower: hypanthium urn-shaped; bractlets 0; sepals 5, often with long expanded tip; petals generally 5 (except cultivars), generally pink in CA (white to red or yellow); stamens generally > 20; pistils generally many, ovaries superior, jointed to generally hairy styles
Fruit: bony achenes enclosed in fleshy, generally reddish hypanthium (hip)
Species in genus: 100+ species: generally n temp
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name)
Spp. hybridize freely; other non-natives established locally.
Introduced |
Shrub or thicket-forming, generally 840 dm
Stem olive-green; prickles ± few, generally compressed, curved
Leaf: leaflets (sub)glabrous; terminal leaflet generally 1540 mm, ± ovate, tip ± acute, margins ± single-toothed, sparsely glandular
Inflorescence generally 15-flowered; pedicels generally 1020 mm, generally glabrous
Flower: hypanthium generally 45 mm wide at flower, glabrous, neck 23 mm wide; sepals ± glandless, margins with toothed lateral lobes, tip generally ± = body, ± toothed; petals 1530 mm; pistils > 10
Fruit 1020 mm wide; sepals often deciduous
Chromosomes: 2n=35
Ecology: Generally ± dry open areas
Elevation: 100900 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, n Sierra Nevada
Distribution outside California: to Washington, Idaho, also e US; native to Eurasia