TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual, perennial herb, glabrous to ± hairy
Stems generally erect, often winged, generally glabrous below, ± short-hairy above
Leaves simple, alternate, gland-dotted
Inflorescence: heads radiate or discoid; involucre disk-shaped; phyllaries in 13 series, free or ± fused, subequal or outer longer; receptacle strongly convex to spheric or conic, naked
Ray flowers fertile or sterile; corollas yellow; ligule fan-shaped, generally strongly 3-lobed
Disk flowers many; corollas 45-lobed, yellow to red or purplish brown; anther appendages short-triangular; style branches ± truncate
Fruit obconic, ribbed, ± hairy; pappus of 510 scales or 0
Species in genus: ± 35 species: North America, South America
Etymology: (Helen of Troy)
Reference: [Bierner 1972 Brittonia 24:331355]
Native |
Annual, perennial herb
Stems 516 dm; branches severalmany
Leaves basal and cauline, entire, glabrous or ± short-hairy; basal oblanceolate, wing-petioled; cauline generally sessile, decurrent, lower and middle lanceolate to oblong-elliptic, upper narrower
Inflorescence: heads generally severalmany; peduncles 917 cm, ± short-hairy; receptacle 510 mm diam
Ray flowers 0 or 1315; ligules generally 410 mm
Disk flowers: corollas 22.7 mm, 45-lobed, yellow, lobes yellow to brown or purple
Fruit 1.21.9 mm, ± long-hairy; pappus scales 0.41 mm, short-awned
Chromosomes: 2n=58
Ecology: Streamsides, marshes, other wetlands
Elevation: 01200 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast Ranges, Sierra Nevada Foothills, San Joaquin Valley, San Francisco Bay Area, South Coast Ranges, Western Transverse Ranges, w Peninsular Ranges
Distribution outside California: Baja California
Horticultural information: STBL.