TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to trees, some dioecious
Stem: nodes often swollen
Leaves simple, basal or cauline, alternate, opposite, or whorled, generally entire; stipules 0 or obvious and fused into a generally scarious sheath around stem
Inflorescence: small cluster, axillary or arrayed in cymes or panicles; involucres sometimes subtending 1many flowers
Flower generally bisexual, small, ± radial; perianth generally 56-lobed, base ± tapered, often jointed to pedicel; stamens 29, often in 2 whorls; ovary superior, styles generally 3, generally fused at base
Fruit: achene, generally enclosed by persistent perianth, generally 3-angled, ovoid, and glabrous
Genera in family: 50 genera, 1100 species: worldwide, especially n temp; some cultivated for food (Fagopyrum ; Rheum , rhubarb; Rumex , sorrel) or ornamental (Antigonon , coral-vine; Muehlenbeckia ; Polygonum )
Reference: [Ronse Decraene & Akeroyd 1988 Bot J Linn Soc 98:321371; Reveal et al. 1989 Phytologia 66(24):83414]
Treatments of the 15 eriogonoid genera are based on the monographic work of James L. Reveal, who is gratefully acknowledged.
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, vine
Stem prostrate to erect, or climbing, or floating, < 3 m
Leaves generally cauline, alternate, sessile or petioled; stipules fused, sheathing stem above nodes, generally scarious or membranous; blade sometimes obviously jointed to stipule sheath
Inflorescence: unit a 18-flowered cluster, these arrayed singly or in head-like to open panicles
Flower: perianth lobes generally 5; stamens 38, filaments generally wider at base
Fruit generally ovoid, 3-angled, sometimes round, flat, indented; shiny to dull, brown to black
Species in genus: ± 300 species: worldwide, especially n temp
Etymology: (Greek: many knees, from swollen nodes of some species)
Reference: [Ronse Decraene & Ackeroyd 1988 Bot J Linn Soc 98:321371]
Segregate genera (e.g., Bistorta, Fallopia, Persicaria ) are sometimes recognized.
Native |
Annual
Stem 130 cm, slender, ± angled; ribs 0 or obscure
Leaves < 4 cm, sessile, joint with stipule obvious; lower blades linear to narrowly lanceolate
Inflorescence 17 cm, ± crowded at stem tips; bracts narrowly lanceolate to round, margin green or white, sometimes reflexed
Flower: perianth opening or not, 1.52.5 mm, white to red, midribs ± green; fertile stamens 3, 5, or 8, varying within plants
Fruit 12 mm, light brown to nearly black, shiny to sculptured in lines and dull
Ecology: Common. Vernally moist places
Elevation: 1003300 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, Transverse Ranges, Peninsular Ranges, Modoc Plateau
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, Montana, Colorado, Arizona
Highly variable intergrading complex centered in MP, 1500 m. Sspp. may grow together, sometimes without intergrading. CA subspp. self-pollinating. Bracts may change dramatically with age; immature plants may not key.
Native |
Stem 512 cm
Inflorescence 27 cm, generally 57 mm wide; bracts 46 mm, barely smaller upward, ± appressed, uniformly lance-elliptic, white margin 0 or narrow, not reflexed
Flower: perianth 2 mm, white; anthers generally 8 or 5
Fruit 22.5 mm, lanceolate in outline, brown, smooth to sculptured, ± shiny
Ecology: Vernal pools, other seasonally wet places
Elevation: ± 1500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Modoc Plateau (near Goose Lake, Modoc Co.; Sierra Valley, s Plumas Co.)
Synonyms: P. e. L.C. Wheeler
Intermediates to subsp. confertiflorum occur more widely in MP, to OR.