Climacium Weber & D. Mohr, 1804.

In California, Climacium may be confused only with Leucolepis and Thamnobryum, as only these genera have a truly dendroid habit (an erect, basally unbranched stem with radially arranged branches clustered near its apex). The three genera are distantly related, so the dendroid habit is considered convergent. Such genera as Dendroalsia, Alsia, and some Isothecium have the contrasting "plumose" growth habit that involves a more or less planar insertion of the branches on the axes of main stems. Even under a hand-lens, Climacium is easily distinguished from Thamnobryum and Leucolepis by the densely paraphylliate stems, and by its elongate cells of the distal lamina. In Oregon, Climacium is a plant of occasionally flooded mineral soil, especially on lake and river margins. Careful collection will show it to be stoloniferous with those stolons mostly buried and heavily rhizoidal. Climacium appears to barely cross over into California from Oregon.
see key to Neckera Etc.

Species included:
Climacium dendroides (Hedwig) Weber & D. Mohr, recognized from CA since 2004