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dividing fronds
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Illustrations:
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Sporophyte: Abbott and Hollenberg 1976, p. 249, fig. 201 (habit); Scagel 1967, p. 139, fig. 55 (habit); Setchell and Gardner 1925, pl. 70 (photo: habit)
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Pacific Coast Distribution:
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Port Renfrew, Vancouver I. British Columbia (washed ashore) (Tilden 1902, no. 519); Humboldt Co. Calif. (Trinidad Beach and Luffenholtz Beach: Dawson 1965a, p. 18); Fort Bragg, Mendocino Co., Calif. (Kjeldsen 1995, p. 19) to Kasler Pt., Monterey Co., Calif. (Silva 1948, p. 31); San Luis Obispo Co., Calif. (Piedras Blancas: Silva 1948, p. 31; to Shell Beach: Sparling 1977, p. 38); Pt. Sal, Santa Barbara Co., Calif. (Silva 5137 in UC); (unsubstantiated report for Channel Is.: Abbott and Hollenberg 1976, p. 248)
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Molecular Taxonomy:
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Saunders and Druehl 1993b
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Evolution:
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Steinberg et al. 1995; Estes and Steinberg 1988
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Life History:
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uninvestigated, but presumably alternation of heteromorphic phases, with a macroscopic sporophyte and dioecious microscopic gametophytes
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Genetics:
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Lewis and Neushul 1996
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Biology/Ecology:
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Steinberg et al. 1995; Watanabe and Harrold 1991, p. 127; Lüning 1990; Harrold et al. 1988, p. 134; Dayton 1985, p. 227; Foster and Schiel 1985, p. 26; Steinberg 1985; Devinny and Kirkwood 1974, p. 102; Druehl 1970, p. 241; Druehl 1969, p. 164; Widdowson 1965b, p. 1428; Scagel 1963, p. 48; McLean 1962, p. 105; Scagel 1961, p. 529; Northcraft 1948, p. 398
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Endophytes:
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Acrochaete geniculata
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Ultrastructure:
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Henry and Cole 1982a, p. 551; Henry and Cole 1982b, p. 571; Henry 1980, p. 9
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Chemistry:
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Ragan and Glombitza 1986, p. 189
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