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Key to PotentillaView taxon page for Potentilla
(For a list of species in Potentilla, use the above link.) Jepson Manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with dots. 1. Flowers 1, arising from axils of slender stolons 2. Leaf palmate  More than two structures or parts (e.g., veins, lobes, or leaflets) radiating from a common point in two dimensions (i.e., in one plane). ..... P. anglica 2' Leaf pinnate  Feather-like; pertaining to veins, lobes, leaflets, or other structures arranged in two dimensions (i.e., in one plane) along either side of an axis; a leaf is odd-pinnate if there is a terminal leaflet, even-pinnate if there is not, and either odd- or even-pinnate may be 1-pinnate (blade divided into primary leaflets), 2-pinnate (primary leaflets divided into secondary leaflets), 3-pinnate (secondary leaflets divided into tertiary leaflets), etc. ..... P. anserina 3. Leaf 3–15 cm, generally densely hairy adaxially; pedicel  Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. generally 2–7 cm; 1200–2600 m; SNH, SnBr, GB ..... subsp. anserina 3' Leaf 3–50(75) cm, ± glabrous adaxially; pedicel generally 5–30 cm; generally < 150 m; NCo, CCo, SCo ..... subsp. pacifica 1' Flowers in cymes  1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae and some other groups, a branched inflorescence in which the central or uppermost flower opens before the peripheral or lowermost flowers on any axis. see 2. In Asteraceae and some other groups, a cyme-like inflorescence is one in which the central or uppermost inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae, umbels enclosed by involucres in Eriogonum), instead of individual flowers, develop and mature before the peripheral or lowermost inflorescence units on any axis. ; stolons 0 4. Styles < or ± 1 mm, tapered  Gradually (not abruptly) narrower or smaller at base or tip. from rough-thickened base to tip; petals variable 5. Perennial herb; basal  At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. leaves generally present in flower; leaflet  A leaf-like unit of a compound leaf; distinguished from a leaf by the absence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; lacking lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (leaf 1-compound, with primary leaflets) or compound (leaf 2-compound, with primary and secondary leaflets; 3-compound, with primary, secondary, and tertiary leaflets, etc). margins ± rolled under; rocky alpine barrens and meadows, > 2700 m 6' Leaf ± pinnate; leaflets generally 5–13, toothed ± 3/4 to midvein 7. Leaflets generally 2–3 per side; petiole  Leaf stalk, connecting leaf blade to stem; sometimes more or less indistinct. generally ± = blade  Expanded portion of a leaf, petal, or other structure, generally flat but sometimes rolled, cylindric, wavy, or cupped. ; hypanthium  Structure generally in the shape of a tube, cup, or bowl, derived from the fused lower portions of the perianth and stamens, from which these parts seem to arise, and to which the ovary wall is fused in an inferior ovary (to which the ovary wall is partially fused in a half-inferior ovary; from which the ovary is free in a superior ovary). bractlets < sepals, flat ..... P. jepsonii 7' Leaflets 3–6 per side; petiole generally < blade; hypanthium bractlets generally ± = sepals, margins ± rolled-up ..... P. pensylvanica 5' Annual or biennial (to short-lived perennial  Completing life cycle (germination through death) in more than two years or growing seasons, generally non-woody (at least above ground) to woody; includes perennial herbs as well as subshrubs to trees; the abbreviation 'per' only refers to perennial herb, not to the word 'perennial' alone. herb); basal leaves often withered or fallen in flower; leaflet margins flat; generally moist or disturbed areas, < 3100 m 8. Leaf pinnate, leaflets 9–17; petals > sepals, cream, ± obcordate – leaflets toothed > 1/2 to midvein; MP ..... P. newberryi (2) 8' Leaf ternate or ± palmate, leaflets 3–7; petals < sepals (except Potentilla recta), yellow (occasionally fading white), generally elliptic  In the shape of a flattened circle or ellipse; wider than linear to obovate 9. St-base hairs generally ± dense, glandular or not, < 1 mm, spreading  Oriented more or less perpendicularly to the axis of attachment; often, more or less horizontal. or not; petals <= 2.5 mm; hypanthium generally 2–4 mm wide; fruit smooth, < 1 mm, ± white or light brown 10. Stem hairs glandular and not; leaflets 3, ± obovate; petals oblanceolate-elliptic ..... P. biennis 10' Stem hairs glandless; leaflets 3–5, oblanceolate to elliptic; petals obovate-elliptic ..... P. rivalis 9' St-base hairs sparse, glandless, < 2 mm, spreading; petals >= 3 mm; hypanthium 3–10 mm wide; fruit veined, ± 1–1.5 mm, ± brown 11. Leaflets generally 3; petals 3–4 mm; anthers ± 0.3 mm; annual to short-lived perennial herb ..... P. norvegica 11' Leaflets generally 6–7; petals 6–9 mm; anthers ± 1 mm; short-lived perennial herb ..... P. recta (2) 4' Styles >= 1 mm, ± slender (except Potentilla recta); petals ± obcordate, > sepals 12. Leaflets 3; inflorescence generally < 7-flowered (see also Fragaria, Sibbaldia) 13. Leaflets secondarily lobed as well as toothed ± 1/2 to base, sparsely hairy; styles ± rough-thickened at base; KR ..... P. cristae 13' Leaflets only toothed, not secondarily lobed, ± nonglandular; styles slender throughout; KR, CaRH, SNH 14. Teeth of central leaflet generally 7–15, generally uneven, ± 1/4 to midvein; pedicel 10–20 mm; pistils > ± 20; stem ± glabrous or sparsely spreading-hairy; KR, CaRH, SNH ..... P. flabellifolia 14' Teeth of central leaflet ± 7, even, 1/4–1/2 to midvein; pedicel 10–40 mm; pistils < ± 20; stem sparsely strigose  With stiff, straight, sharp, appressed hairs. ; SNH ..... P. grayi 12' Leaflets > 3; inflorescence generally > 7-flowered (except Potentilla hickmanii) 15. Leaf pinnate to subpalmate (see also Horkelia, Horkeliella, Ivesia) 16. Annual to short-lived perennial herb; petals cream; style 1–1.5 mm; fruit veined – receding shorelines; MP ..... P. newberryi (2) 16' Perennial herb; petals yellow; style generally > 1.5 mm; fruit generally smooth 17. Leaf densely white-tomentose abaxially, ± green and strigose adaxially; style ± 1.5–2 mm – alpine barrens; c SNH, n W&I ..... P. morefieldii 17' Leaf hairs ± similar adaxially and abaxially (but hairs often denser abaxially); style 2–3.5 mm 18. Basal leaf  Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). < 1/2 stem; pedicel ± straight in fruit; 1100–3700 m 19. Petiole generally < blade, cottony-hairy; leaflets 3–7 per side, ± overlapped, palmately toothed > 1/2 to midvein – generally cottony-hairy throughout ..... P. breweri 19' Petiole generally > blade, glabrous to shaggy-hairy; leaflets generally 2–4 per side, occasionally separated, pinnately toothed ± 1/2 to midvein, occasionally split to base 20. Leaflets generally gray-hairy, ± overlapped; petiole generally dense-shaggy- or cottony-hairy ..... P. bruceae (2) 20' Leaflets generally green, glabrous to ± straight-hairy, generally separated; petiole glabrous or strigose ..... P. drummondii 18' Basal leaf generally > 1/2 stem; pedicel generally ± recurved  Gradually curved downward or backward. in fruit; < 2000 m 21. Leaflets entire  Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). or 2–3-toothed or lobed > 1/2 to midvein, larger 5–10 mm – MP ..... P. basaltica 21' Leaflets 2–10-toothed ± 1/2 or more to midvein, larger 5–22 mm 22. Leaflets 5–13 per side, 3–10(15)-toothed 2/3 to nearly to midvein; pistils ± 10–30; inland 23. Stem 5–20 cm; leaf 2–15 cm, petiole generally < blade; CaRH, ne-most SNH, GB; 900–2000 m ..... P. millefolia 22' Leaflets 3–8 per side, 2–6 toothed ± 1/2–2/3 (rarely more) to midvein; pistils (2)5–15; coastal 25. Stem ± prostrate  Lying flat on the ground. or hanging, generally <= 25 cm; pedicels Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. generally ± recurved in fruit; leaflet teeth < 11 – > 1800 m, s CA-FP, n W&I 26' Leaflet surfaces ± equally strigose; s CA-FP 27. Plant hanging from granite crevices; pistils generally 5–20; fruit ± smooth; pedicels generally > 15 mm; SnJt ..... P. rimicola 27' Plant rosetted to tufted in sandy soil; pistils generally > 15; fruit ± veined; pedicels generally < 15 mm; s SNH, SnBr, SnJt ..... P. wheeleri 25' Stem ± ascending  Curving or angling upward from base, or about 30-60 degrees less than vertical or away from axis of attachment. to erect  Upright; vertically oriented. , generally 10–100 cm; pedicels ± straight; leaflet teeth often > 10 28' Leaflets evenly 7–35-toothed, generally ± hairy, green to white 29. Leaflets toothed > 3/4 to midvein; stem and petiole hairs generally appressed  Parallel or nearly parallel to and often in contact with surface of origin; used to describe the disposition of hairs, leaves, pedicels, etc. 30. Longest petiole generally 5–10 cm; central leaflet 2–6 cm, teeth often narrowest at base, entire; petals 5–8 mm; SNH, Teh, TR, SnJt, SNE ..... P. gracilis var. elmeri 29' Leaflets toothed ± 1/2 or less to midvein; stem and petiole hairs spreading to appressed 31. Stem (and petioles) shaggy- to cottony-hairy; leaves often subpalmate, leaflets often irregularly deeply lobed as well as toothed ..... P. bruceae (2) 31' Stem (and petioles) straight-hairy; leaves palmate, leaflets regularly toothed 32. Leaf surfaces strongly contrasting, ± white-tomentose abaxially, green, sparsely hairy adaxially; stem hairs generally spreading 32' Leaf surfaces similarly hairy, generally not white tomentose  Covered with densely interwoven, generally matted hairs. abaxially; stem hairs appressed to spreading 34' Basal leaves generally fallen or withered in flower; stem hairs short- and long-spreading; fruit strong-veined; styles ± 1 mm, generally > 50 ..... P. recta (2)
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Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) . Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/ [accessed on ]
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