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Key to ChorizantheView taxon page for Chorizanthe
(For a list of species in Chorizanthe, use the above link.) Jepson Manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with dots. 1. Involucre 3–5-lobed or -ribbed 2. Involucre lobes  1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. (4)5 3. Involucre awns  1. Bristle-like appendage or elongation, generally terminal. 2. Stiff, needle-like pappus element in Asteraceae. straight; flower glabrous; stamens fused to perianth tube base – s SCoRI (Caliente Range), w DMoj ..... C. spinosa 3' Involucre awns hooked; flower hairy; stamens fused to perianth tube top 4. Involucre bell-shaped, tube 2–2.5 mm, abaxial lobe 1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. not longer, not wider than others; perianth white to rose, 1.5–1.8(2) mm; c&n California ..... C. polygonoides var. polygonoides (2) 4' Involucre cylindric  Elongate, with parallel sides and, at any point, round in transverse section. , tube 3–4.5 mm, abaxial lobe longer, wider than others; perianth yellow, 1.5–2.5 mm; sw SnJV, n edge TR, GB, w DMoj ..... C. watsonii 5' Involucre urn- to bell-shaped, not markedly transversely ridged; stamens 9 6. Plant prostrate  Lying flat on the ground. ; involucre  Group of bracts more or less held together as a unit, subtending a flower, fruit (acorn cup), or inflorescence. bell-shaped; abaxial lobe 1.8–2 mm, awn 1. Bristle-like appendage or elongation, generally terminal. 2. Stiff, needle-like pappus element in Asteraceae. hooked; s SCo ..... C. orcuttiana 6' Plant stiffly erect  Upright; vertically oriented. ; involucre urn-shaped  Widening more or less abruptly at the base and then gradually or abruptly narrowed toward the tip. ; abaxial lobe 5–10 mm, awn straight; SNE, D ..... C. rigida 1' Involucre 6-lobed or -ribbed 7. Lobes of involucre at least proximally with white- to pink- or purple- (or straw-colored) scarious margins or thin transparent margins 8. Margins of both outer and inner perianth lobes conspicuously fringed  Having ragged or finely cut margins. – e&s SCo, w PR, w DSon (San Felipe Valley) ..... C. fimbriata 9. Perianth lobes with terminal segment linear  Elongate, with nearly parallel sides; narrower than elliptic or oblong. to lanceolate  Narrowly elongate, widest in the basal half, often tapered to an acute tip. , wider than lateral segments; perianth 6–7(8) mm ..... var. fimbriata 9' Perianth lobes with terminal segment linear, barely wider than lateral segments; perianth 8–9(10) mm ..... var. laciniata 8' Margins of outer perianth lobes entire  Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). , minutely toothed, or 2-lobed, margins of inner perianth lobes entire or minutely toothed, not fringed 10. Scarious margins of involucre lobes continuous across sinuses 11' Perianth lobes entire or 2-lobed or toothed laterally 12' Involucre tomentose  Covered with densely interwoven, generally matted hairs. to ± glabrous, 3–4 mm; perianth (1.5)2.5–3 mm; more widespread in CA-FP ..... C. membranacea 10' Scarious margins of involucre lobes not continuous across sinuses 13. Involucre awns straight 14. Outer and inner perianth lobes alike; plant finely bristly – NCoRI, CaRF, SNF, e SnFrB ..... C. stellulata (2) 14' Outer and inner perianth lobes not alike; plant not bristly 15. Perianth (3)3.5–4.5 mm, hairy generally throughout; plant generally spreading  Oriented more or less perpendicularly to the axis of attachment; often, more or less horizontal. to decumbent  lying mostly flat on the ground but with tips curving up. ; c NCo ..... C. howellii 15' Perianth (4)5–6 mm, hairy on lower 1/2; plant erect to spreading; n CCo ..... C. valida (2) 13' Involucre awns hooked 16. Perianth lobes entire 17. Scarious margins of involucre lobes narrow, upfolded, inconspicuous, white; perianth minutely hairy; CCo (Irish Hills, San Luis Obispo Co.) ..... C. aphanantha (2) 17' Scarious margins of involucre lobes wide, spreading, conspicuous, white or ± pink to purple; perianth glabrous; CCo, w SnFrB, w SCoRO ..... C. diffusa 16' Perianth lobes 2-lobed, minutely toothed, or short-pointed 18' Involucre tube 1–2.5(3) mm, densely hairy; perianth 2–3.5 mm 20' Perianth lobes minutely toothed, not abruptly short-pointed 21' Herbage pinkish to ± gray-green; stamens 6–9; margins of involucre bracts white to pink or purple 22. Scarious involucre lobe margins very narrow, ± pink, restricted to lobe bases; perianth 2.5–3 mm; stamens (3)6–9 ..... C. eastwoodiae (2) 22' Scarious involucre lobe margins conspicuous, white to pink or purple, extending nearly full length of lobes; perianth 2–3.5 mm; stamens 9 ..... C. pungens 23. Involucre lobe margins dark ± pink to purple; plant ± ascending  Curving or angling upward from base, or about 30-60 degrees less than vertical or away from axis of attachment. to erect; 90–500 m elevation ..... var. hartwegiana 23' Involucre lobe margins white (± pink); plant prostrate to ± ascending; 0–65 m elevation ..... var. pungens 7' Lobes of involucre without scarious margins 24. Involucre lobes of unequal, not of equal or alternating, lengths, abaxial lobe >> others 26' Outer perianth lobes conspicuous, >> 1 mm; stamens 6 or 9 27' Perianth 3–4(5) mm, outer lobes generally entire or ± 2-lobed, inner fringed or minutely toothed 28. Involucre 3–4 mm; perianth tube and lobes white to pink (purple); s CCo, SCoRO, WTR, sw SnJV (Cuyama Valley) ..... C. obovata (2) 24' Involucre lobes of ± equal or alternating lengths, abaxial lobe not >> others 29. Perianth lobes all or at least inner fringed or 2-lobed 30. Outer and inner perianth lobes conspicuously fringed – SW, w DSon (San Felipe Valley) ..... C. fimbriata 31. Perianth lobes with terminal segment linear to lanceolate, wider than lateral segments; perianth 6–7(8) mm ..... var. fimbriata 31' Perianth lobes with terminal segment linear, barely wider than lateral segments; perianth 8–9(10) mm ..... var. laciniata 30' Outer perianth lobes entire, minutely toothed, or 2-lobed, inner perianth lobes minutely toothed or fringed 32. Perianth lobes white to ± pink 32' Perianth lobes light to dark purple 34' Outer perianth lobes 2-lobed or minutely toothed; involucre tube 4–6 mm, awns 0.5–2 mm 35. Outer perianth lobes minutely toothed or wavy-margined, inner fringed or ± 2-lobed; perianth 4–4.5 mm; involucre tube 4–4.5 mm, swollen; SCoRI ..... C. ventricosa 35' Outer perianth lobes 2-lobed or notched, inner fringed; perianth (4.5)5–6 mm; involucre tube 4–6 mm, ± swollen; SCoR ..... C. biloba 36' Outer perianth lobes notched or ± cordate  Heart-shaped; often pertaining to a leaf in which the blade base on both sides of the petiole is rounded and convex. at tip ..... var. immemora 29' Perianth lobes entire or minutely toothed, not fringed or 2-lobed 37. Perianth lobes not alike, inner narrower and shorter 38. Involucre awns straight 38' Involucre awns hooked 40' Involucre tube 2–6 mm 41. Proximal leaf-like bracts of stem early-deciduous or 0 41' Proximal leaf-like bracts of stem persistent 43. Perianth 4.5–6 mm, long exserted  Protruding out of surrounding structure(s) (e.g., stamens exserted from corolla). from involucre ..... C. xanti 43' Perianth 2.5–3.5 mm, ± exserted from involucre 37' Perianth lobes alike, outer and inner similar in width and length 46. Plant generally erect; branches breaking at nodes  Position on a stem from which one or more structures (especially leaves, buds, branches, or flowers) arise. ; stamens 3, fused to perianth tube top ..... C. brevicornu 46' Plant prostrate to erect; branches not breaking at nodes; stamens 3–9 and fused to perianth tube base or (6)9 and fused to perianth tube top 48' Stamens fused to perianth tube base; perianth lobes entire, awned, or minutely toothed 50. Perianth lobes entire 51. Anthers rose-pink to purple; perianth 1.5–1.7 mm, white; filaments not united at base; CCo (Irish Hills, San Luis Obispo Co.) ..... C. aphanantha (2) 51' Anthers cream to pale yellow; perianth (1.7)2–3 mm, yellow or white; filaments united at base; c&s SCo, s TR, w PR ..... C. procumbens 50' Perianth lobes abruptly short-pointed or minutely toothed 52. Stamens 3; plant yellow-green 52' Stamens (3)6–9; plant tannish to reddish or grayish 54' Perianth lobes awned; n CCo, SnFrB (San Francisco Peninsula)
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