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Key to DudleyaView taxon page for Dudleya
(For a list of species in Dudleya, use the above link.) Jepson Manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with dots. 1. Stem below surface, not elongate, generally simple  Composed of a single part; undivided; unbranched. ; leaves vernal, ± petioled (basally generally < 1 cm wide, generally narrowed to < 4 mm wide) – petals, fruit generally spreading  Oriented more or less perpendicularly to the axis of attachment; often, more or less horizontal. (subg. Hasseanthus) 2. Flower odor 0; petals yellow; fruit spreading 3. Leaves 4–15 cm, linear  Elongate, with nearly parallel sides; narrower than elliptic or oblong. , ± narrowed above base, tip sharply acute  Having a short-tapered, sharp tip, the sides convex or straight and converging at less than a right angle. ; petals fused 1–2 mm ..... D. multicaulis 3' Leaves 1–7 cm, oblanceolate to spoon-shaped, strongly narrowed above base (to generally 0.5–3 mm wide) tip acute to obtuse  Having a short-tapered, blunt tip or base, the sides convex or straight and converging at more than a right angle. ; petals fused 0.5–1 mm ..... D. variegata 2' Flower odor musky-sweet; petals white to pale yellow; fruit ascending  Curving or angling upward from base, or about 30-60 degrees less than vertical or away from axis of attachment. to spreading 4. Petals ascending, 7–14 mm, 3.5–5.5 mm wide, fused 1–2 mm; fruit ascending; leaf  Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). base 3–12 mm wide ..... D. nesiotica 4' Petals spreading, 5–10 mm, 2–4 mm wide, fused generally < 1 mm; fruit spreading; leaf base 1–4 mm wide 5. Lower bracts < 1.5 × longer than wide; leaves 7–15 mm, ± spheric to spoon-shaped; petiole  Leaf stalk, connecting leaf blade to stem; sometimes more or less indistinct. narrow ..... D. brevifolia 5' Lower bracts > 2 × longer than wide; leaves 10–60 mm, ± oblanceolate to club-shaped; petiole ± narrow ..... D. blochmaniae 1' Stem above surface or ± buried by moving substrate, often elongate, often branched; leaves generally evergreen, ± not petioled (basally generally 1–5 cm wide, generally not narrowed to < 4 mm wide) 7. Petals erect  Upright; vertically oriented. below, ± spreading from near middle; fruit ascending to spreading 8. Stem generally < 3 cm between branches; plant generally < 2 dm across; mainland 9' Leaves not sticky, not appearing oily, odor 0 or not resinous 10. Leaves covered with white powdery wax, appearing white; styles 2–3 mm; pedicels  Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. 2–5 mm; SnGb (Los Angeles Co.) ..... D. densiflora 10' Leaves lightly covered with thin, translucent wax, appearing olive-green; styles 1–2 mm; pedicels 1–2 mm; SCo, PR ..... D. edulis 8' Stem generally > 3 cm between branches; plant 0.5–10 dm across; mainland or ChI 11' Leaves in ×-section ± elliptic  In the shape of a flattened circle or ellipse; wider than linear or in upper 1/2 round, 4–6 mm thick ..... D. virens 12. Leaves green, rarely glaucous; outer leaves lax to erect; dry peduncle  Stalk of an individual flower borne singly, not in an inflorescence, or of an entire inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit; the stalk subtending an involucre (e.g., in Asteraceae, Polygonaceae). easily broken; s ChI (San Clemente Island) ..... subsp. virens 12' Leaves white, gray, or green, occasionally with red or pink, generally glaucous; outer leaves ascending to erect; dry peduncle not easily broken; SCo (near San Pedro, Los Angeles Co.), s ChI (San Nicolas, Santa Catalina, San Clemente islands) 13. Leaves ± round in ×-section in upper 1/2, 15–30, 3–10(15) cm, 5–10(15) mm wide; peduncle 10–30 cm, ascending or erect ..... subsp. hassei 13' Leaves ± wide-elliptic in ×-section in upper 1/2, 20–50, 6–25 cm, 10–32 mm wide; peduncle 6–70 cm, erect ..... subsp. insularis 7' Petals erect below, erect to ascending from near middle, ± spreading at tips; fruit generally erect to ± spreading 14. Petals fused ± 1/2 length; pedicels in fruit often sharply bent; rosette  A radiating cluster of leaves generally at or near ground level. white, 7–60 cm across 15. Stem 1–4 cm wide; leaves 15–25, generally 5–15 cm; pedicels 5–15(20) mm; flowers generally erect ..... D. arizonica 14' Petals fused < 1/3 length; pedicels in fruit not sharply bent; rosette green or white, 0.5–55 cm across 16. Petals adaxially cream, white, or pale yellow, margins ± jagged or not; petal keel ± not raised, ± marked with red-pink or purple 17. Stem often > 8 cm, 10–80 mm wide; peduncle 4.5–54 cm; leaf 2.5–22 cm 18. Stem swollen at base; leaf ± thin; rosettes A radiating cluster of leaves generally at or near ground level. generally 1 ..... D. candelabrum 18' Stem not swollen at base; leaf ± thick; rosettes 1–100+ 19. Leaf tip generally obtuse, margin with >= 2 angles between ad-, abaxial surfaces; upper margins of adjacent petals not touching; NCo, n&c CCo ..... D. farinosa 19' Leaf tip generally acute, margin with 0–1(2) angles between ad-, abaxial surfaces; upper margins of adjacent petals generally touching; n ChI ..... D. greenei 17' Stem < 8 cm, 1.5–30 mm wide; peduncle 2–25(40) cm; leaf 0.5–11 cm 20. Leaf wounding red or purple-red at base; inflorescence 1° branches generally simple 21. Leaf ± deciduous in summer, ± round in ×-section; petals often purple-tinged near tip, with few purple flecks; s CCo, s SCoRO (San Luis Obispo Co.) ..... D. abramsii subsp. bettinae 21' Leaf generally dry but ± not deciduous in summer; ± elliptic in ×-section; petals not purple-tinged near tip, with purple-flecks throughout or not 20' Leaf generally not wounding red or purple-red at base; inflorescence 1° branches simple to branched 23. Leaf triangular to triangular-ovate; petals pale yellow to medium yellow; insular (Santa Rosa Island) ..... D. gnoma (2) 23' Leaf not triangular to triangular-ovate; petals ± pale yellow; not insular 24. Rosettes 1–few; not on granite or limestone, often on serpentine or volcanics 25' Inflorescence 1° branches often branched; pedicels 3–12 mm; peduncle 5–25(40) cm; SnJV, SnFrB, SCoRI (Contra Costa Co. to w Fresno Co.); on serpentine or not ..... D. cymosa subsp. paniculata 24' Rosettes 1–50; on granite or limestone 26. Leaves lance-oblong to lanceolate  Narrowly elongate, widest in the basal half, often tapered to an acute tip. to subcylindric; inflorescence 1° branches generally branched; s SNH ..... D. abramsii subsp. calcicola 16' Petals adaxially red, orange, yellow, yellow-green, or bright yellow-green, margins entire  Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). ; petal keel often raised, rarely marked with red-pink or purple 27. Plant stoloned or stem branched; fruit ascending 27' Plant simple or branched by stems; fruit ± erect 29. Plant generally < 10 cm wide (except in deep shade or years with high rainfall); leaves 0.8–3 × longer than wide 30. Peduncle erect, inflorescence ± symmetric radially, 1° branches generally 3 30' Peduncle ascending, inflorescence ± asymmetric  Not divisible into identical or mirror-image halves. radially, sometimes by pedicels turning to sun or away from cliff, 1° branches (0)2–3 (or, if peduncle erect and inflorescence symmetric radially, 1° branches generally 2) 32' Leaves in summer ± not deciduous, ± tough when dry; bracts not or ± plump 33' Leaves adaxially, abaxially ± equally colored; bracts ascending 34. Leaves oblong  Longer than wide, with nearly parallel sides; wider than linear. to lanceolate, tips acute; petals bright yellow; inflorescence branches 2(3); s WTR (Santa Monica Mtns) ..... D. cymosa subsp. agourensis (2) 34' Leaves ovate  Egg-shaped (i.e., widest below the middle) in two dimensions (i.e., in one plane), as a leaf. or deltate  More or less equilaterally triangular, with the corners rounded or not. to oblanceolate or spoon-shaped, tips acuminate  Having a long-tapered, sharp tip, the sides concave. to mucronate; petals bright yellow, orange, or red; inflorescence branches generally >= 3; NCoR, CaR, SN, CW, s WTR (Santa Monica Mtns) ..... D. cymosa subsp. cymosa 29' Plant 0.5–100 cm+ wide; leaves (2.5)3–10 × longer than wide 35. Stem generally 0.15–2 cm wide; 1° inflorescence branches generally 2, branched generally 0–1 × 36. Leaves deciduous in summer; n-facing volcanic cliffs, adjacent grassland; WTR (n of Santa Monica Mtns) ..... D. parva 36' Leaves dry in summer but ± not deciduous; level or sloping habitats of various orientations; n ChI, WTR (Santa Monica Mtns) 37' Leaves gray-white or white with some purple-red to gray-green showing through wax, 20–100 mm; mainland 38. Leaves generally twisted when dry, base wounding purple-red; flower bud  1. An incompletely developed, more or less embryonic shoot, usually covered with bud scales. 2. An unopened flower, often protected by sepals. tips angled ± 35°; petals green- to lemon-yellow ..... D. verityi 35' Stem 1–10 cm wide; 1° inflorescence branches generally >= 3, branched 0–3 × 39' Rosettes 1–100, generally not dense; leaves generally > 8 mm wide, lanceolate to oblanceolate 40. Stem of older plants often exposed between dried leaves; leaves adaxially generally convex (transversely), tip margins generally not angled between ad-, abaxial surfaces; petals bright yellow (orange-yellow) ..... D. caespitosa 40' Stem of older plants covered by dried leaves; leaves adaxially flat or convex (transversely), tip margins often angled between ad-, abaxial surfaces; petals bright yellow, red, tinged with red, red over yellow but appearing orange-pink, ± green, or green-yellow 41. Stem (2)4–10 cm wide; peduncle 15–85 cm; petals red over yellow but appearing orange-pink ..... D. palmeri 41' Stem 1–3 cm wide; peduncle 5–95 cm; petals bright yellow, red over yellow but appearing orange-pink, mustard-, or green-yellow 42' Internodes between bracts > 5 mm 43' Leaves 3–15 cm, 0.3–2.5 cm wide; peduncle 0.5–5.1 dm; petals fused 1–4 mm ..... D. saxosa 44. Stem 1–3 cm wide; leaves 4–15 cm; peduncle 1–5.1 dm; petals ± green, green-yellow, or bright yellow, rarely red-tinged ..... subsp. aloides 44' Stem 1–1.5 cm wide; leaves 3–9 cm; peduncle 0.5–2 dm; petals bright yellow, generally red-tinged ..... subsp. saxosa
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