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Key to LepidiumView taxon page for Lepidium
(For a list of species in Lepidium, use the above link.) Jepson Manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with dots. 1. Middle or distal cauline leaf  Organ arising from a stem, generally composed of a stalk (petiole) and a flat, expanded, green, photosynthetic area (blade); distinguished from a leaflet by the presence in its axil of a bud, branch, thorn, or flower; sometimes with lateral, basal appendages (stipules); either simple (toothed, lobed, or dissected but not divided into leaflets) or compound (divided into leaflets). bases lobed to sagittate  Arrowhead-shaped, with two basal lobes oriented nearly parallel to the long axis. or clasping 2. Most distal cauline leaves deeply cordate-clasping; basal  At or near the base of a plant or plant part. Especially said of leaves clustered near the ground or of a placenta confined to the base of an ovary. leaves 2–3-pinnately lobed or divided; flowers pale yellow; seeds narrowly winged ..... L. perfoliatum 2' Most distal cauline leaf bases lobed or sagittate; basal leaves entire  Having margins that are continuous and smooth (i.e., without teeth, lobes, etc.). (divided or 1–2-pinnately lobed); petals white; seeds wingless 3. Stamens 2; petals 0 or to 0.7 mm; basal leaves 1–2-pinnately lobed; style to 0.1 mm ..... L. oblongum (2) 3' Stamens 6; petals 1.5–5 mm; basal leaves dentate  Having margins with sharp, relatively coarse teeth pointing outward, not tipward. or entire (divided); style >= 0.2 mm 4. Plants not rhizomatous; fruit dehiscent  Opening at maturity to release contents; usually pertaining to anthers or fruits. , tip wide-winged, notched; inflorescence elongated 5. Annual; fruit valves papillate  Pertaining to a surface (e.g., of a leaf, stigma, fruit) bearing small, rounded or conic protuberances (papillae). ; style 0.2–0.5(0.7) mm, included  Not protruding out of surrounding structure(s) (e.g., stamens included in corolla). or ± exserted  Protruding out of surrounding structure(s) (e.g., stamens exserted from corolla). beyond notch ..... L. campestre 5' Perennial herb; fruit valves generally not papillate; style (0.6)1–1.5 mm, well-exserted beyond notch ..... L. heterophyllum 4' Plants rhizomatous; fruit indehiscent  Not opening inherently to release contents; usually pertaining to fruits. , tip wingless, not notched; inflorescence generally panicles  1. In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a branched inflorescence in which the basal or lateral flowers (or some of them) open before the terminal or central flowers on any axis. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a panicle-like inflorescence is one in which at least some of the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are attached (stalked or unstalked) to branches and not directly to the main axis of the inflorescence and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. 6. Fruit flat, cordate  Heart-shaped; often pertaining to a leaf in which the blade base on both sides of the petiole is rounded and convex. to ± reniform  Kidney-shaped; often pertaining to a leaf in which the blade base on both sides of the petiole is rounded and concave. ; valves net-veined ..... L. draba 6' Fruit inflated, spheric to obovoid, generally not net-veined 1' All cauline leaf bases not lobed, sagittate, or clasping 8. Fruit indehiscent, valve  1. In legumes or capsules opening by longitudinal lines, one of the parts into which the fruit is dehiscent. 2. In anthers, the flap of tissue resulting from dehiscence by a curved line. (e.g., Lauraceae, some Berberidaceae). 3. In Ophioglossaceae, one of the parts into which the sporangium is dehiscent. walls thick, ridged or tubercled 9. Fruit reniform to ovate-cordate, 2.3–3.4 mm, ridged, tip not notched; stamens 6 ..... L. coronopus 9' Fruit spectacle-shaped, 1.3–1.7 mm, not ridged, tip notched; stamens 2 ..... L. didymum 8' Fruit dehiscent, valve walls thin or thick, not ridged or tubercled 10. Biennial to subshrub, with woody caudex  Generally short, sometimes woody, more or less vertical stem of a perennial, at or beneath ground level. or base 11. Basal leaves entire or serrate  Having margins with sharp, fine to coarse teeth generally pointing tipward, not outward; margins with such teeth on such primary teeth are doubly serrate. ..... L. latifolium 11' Basal leaves pinnately lobed or 0 12' Plant puberulent  Minutely hairy. at least on pedicels  Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. or rachis  In ferns, primary axis of a compound or dissected frond blade. ; basal leaves generally present; fruit (1.5)1.8–3.6(4) mm wide ..... L. montanum (2) 10' Annual or biennial, not woody 14' Fruit not veined (weakly veined); sepals deciduous 15' Pedicel cylindric  Elongate, with parallel sides and, at any point, round in transverse section. or ± flattened; fruit valves glabrous or puberulent 16' Fruit round to obovate 17' Plant puberulent or glabrous; mid-cauline leaves entire to serrate, dentate, lobed, or divided 19. Fruit glabrous or puberulent; pedicel Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. flattened at least below tip, (0.2)0.3–0.4 mm wide ..... subsp. menziesii 20. Stamens 6; style (0.1)0.2–1.6 mm, generally exserted from fruit notch 22. Pedicel glabrous, (2.7)3–4.4(5) mm; inflorescence rachis glabrous; fruit tip winged; notch 0.2–0.6 mm ..... L. flavum 22' Pedicel hairy adaxially, 5–15 mm; inflorescence rachis hairy or glabrous; fruit tip wingless, notch 0 (0.1 mm) ..... L. jaredii 23. Biennial or perennial  Completing life cycle (germination through death) in more than two years or growing seasons, generally non-woody (at least above ground) to woody; includes perennial herbs as well as subshrubs to trees; the abbreviation 'per' only refers to perennial herb, not to the word 'perennial' alone. herb; rachis puberulent, hairs straight or curved ..... L. montanum (2) 20' Stamens 4; style 0 (0.1 mm), included in fruit notch 24. Pedicel cylindric or ± flattened 24' Pedicel strongly flattened 26. Sepals persistent; fruit valve hairs stiff, spreading  Oriented more or less perpendicularly to the axis of attachment; often, more or less horizontal. , mixed with much smaller hairs; petals hairy abaxially ..... L. latipes 26' Sepals not persistent; fruit valves glabrous or sparsely uniformly puberulent; petals 0 or glabrous abaxially 27. Fruit valves not or obscurely veined; pedicel not appressed  Parallel or nearly parallel to and often in contact with surface of origin; used to describe the disposition of hairs, leaves, pedicels, etc. ..... L. nitidum 27' Fruit valves strongly net-veined; pedicel appressed 28. Fruit (3)4–6 mm, 2.5–3.5 mm wide, notch (0.8)1–2 mm, V-shaped; pedicel (2)3–4.2 mm ..... L. acutidens 28' Fruit 2.5–3.5 mm, 2–2.8 mm wide, notch 0.5–0.7(0.8) mm, U-shaped; pedicel (1.6)1.9–2.5(3) mm ..... L. dictyotum
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In the shape of a flattened circle or ellipse; wider than linear