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Key to AphyllonView taxon page for Aphyllon
(For a list of species in Aphyllon, use the above link.) Jepson Manual glossary definitions can be seen by moving your cursor over words underlined with dots. 1. Bractlets on pedicel  Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. subtending calyx 0; pedicels Stalk of an individual flower in an inflorescence, or the corresponding structure in fruit. >> (2–8×) flower; stems subterranean or rising to about ground level; flowers generally < 20; nectary gland at base of ovary evident (sect. Aphyllon) 2. Flowers generally (3)6–20 per stem, occasionally more; distal pedicels < stem; proximal pedicels >= stem; hosts Artemisia, Eriodictyon, Eriogonum, Eriophyllum, Lamiaceae, Phacelia 3. Inflorescence a ± flat-topped raceme  In flowering plants excluding Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, an unbranched inflorescence in which the flowers are borne on pedicels and nearly always open from the bottom to the top of the inflorescence. 2. In Asteraceae, Cyperaceae, Poaceae, and some other groups, a raceme-like inflorescence is one in which the inflorescence units (e.g., heads in Asteraceae; spikelets in Cyperaceae and Poaceae), instead of individual flowers, are stalked and attached directly to the main axis of the inflorescence, not to branches, and in which floral development may or may not proceed as in 1. , fully developed flowers at similar heights; plant pale-pink to deep reddish-pink; corolla lobe  1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. tips rounded; calyx lobe tips generally uniform in color and shading; host Artemisia spp. ..... A. fasciculatum 3' Inflorescence a raceme, not flat-topped, fully developed flowers at various heights; plant pale to lemon yellow, sometimes tinged orange or purple; corolla lobe tips pointed; calyx lobe tips sometimes darkened, especially when dry; host variable but not Artemisia ..... A. franciscanum 2' Flowers generally 1–4 per stem; distal pedicels > stem; proximal pedicels >> (generally 2–3×) stem; hosts not as above 4. Flowers 1–2 per stem; corollas white to purple; corolla lobe margins minutely ciliate  Having generally straight, conspicuous hairs along margins or edges. ; lower lip folds sometimes yellow; calyx lobes 1. A major expansion or bulge, such as on the margin of a leaf, sepal, or petal, or on the surface of an ovary. 2. The free tips of otherwise fused structures, such as sepals or petals; larger than teeth. attenuate-thread-like; hosts Sedum, Antennaria, Senecio, Saxifragaceae, Apiaceae ..... A. purpureum 4' Flowers (1)2–4 per stem; corollas straw-colored to yellow, sometimes tinged pink or purple; corolla lobe margins glandular-hairy; lower lip folds not of contrasting color; calyx lobes narrowly triangular; host Galium ..... A. epigalium 5. Corollas yellow, often reddish or purplish tinged outside, (17)20–30 mm; corolla lobes spreading  Oriented more or less perpendicularly to the axis of attachment; often, more or less horizontal. , length < 2× width; hosts not including Galium andrewsii; NW, CaR, n&c SN, ScV (Sutter Buttes), SnFrB ..... subsp. epigalium 5' Corollas straw-color with pink or lavender cast outside, 13–20(23) mm; corolla lobes erect  Upright; vertically oriented. to slightly recurved  Gradually curved downward or backward. at tip, length >= 2× width; host Galium andrewsii; SnBr, WTR, PR ..... subsp. notocalifornicum 1' Bractlets on pedicel subtending calyx 2; pedicels generally <= flower, occasionally 2× length; stems generally rising above ground level; flowers generally >20; nectary gland at base of ovary obscure (sect. Nothaphyllon) 6. Inflorescence and flowers ± yellow to dark purple (may be ± red in Orobanche pinorum); calyx generally 5–12 mm 7. Calyx divided nearly to base on lower side; hairs of inflorescence and corolla papillate  Pertaining to a surface (e.g., of a leaf, stigma, fruit) bearing small, rounded or conic protuberances (papillae). , not glandular; on Adenostoma ..... A. tuberosum 7' Calyx divided ± equally; most hairs of inflorescence and corolla glandular, not papillate; on various genera 8. Corolla with ring of hairs at base of filaments; root attachment rounded, coral-like; on Holodiscus ..... A. pinorum 8' Corolla lacking ring of hairs; root attachment branched (rarely rounded, coral-like in Orobanche cooperi) 9. Inflorescence 4–5 cm wide; corolla 18–32 mm, lips 5–10 mm; on Asteraceae ..... A. cooperi 10. Corolla 14–18 mm, hairy outside, densely so at sinuses, hairs 0.4–0.7 mm; filament base and anther hairy ..... subsp. howellii 10' Corolla 12–14 mm, puberulent  Minutely hairy. outside, sparsely so to glabrous at sinuses, hairs ± 0.1 mm; filament base and anther glabrous ..... subsp. validum 6' Inflorescence and flowers generally buff to ± pink, corolla lips white to pink or lavender, occasionally with darker veins (some populations of Aphyllon californicum, Aphyllon parishii subsp. parishii darker-flowered); calyx generally 10–20 mm (sometimes smaller in Aphyllon robbinsii) 11. Corolla 13–30 mm, lips 4–10 mm 12. Inflorescence branched, compressed  Flattened side-to-side or front-to-back. , forming convex or ± flat-topped cluster; flowers crowded; corolla lobes erect 13. Corolla purple to pink, with darker veins, tube with prominent hump on upper side; anthers densely hairy throughout; on Artemisia tridentata; n CaR, SNH, GB, n DMtns ..... A. corymbosum 13' Corolla pale with purple veins, tube without prominent hump on upper side; anthers glabrous, sometimes with long hairs along dehisced margin; on Eriophyllum staechadifolium; CCo ..... A. robbinsii 12' Inflorescence of elongate, generally unbranched, ± raceme-like units; flowers ± separated, more regularly-spaced; corolla lobes various 14. Flowers pedicelled throughout; bracts lanceolate  Narrowly elongate, widest in the basal half, often tapered to an acute tip. ; mature flower corolla lobes strongly recurved, narrowly acute  Having a short-tapered, sharp tip, the sides convex or straight and converging at less than a right angle. ..... A. vallicola 14' Only proximal flowers pedicelled; bracts ± ovate  Egg-shaped (i.e., widest below the middle) in two dimensions (i.e., in one plane), as a leaf. ; mature flower upper corolla lobes slightly recurved at tip, rounded or obtuse  Having a short-tapered, blunt tip or base, the sides convex or straight and converging at more than a right angle. ..... A. parishii 16. Corolla lavender to purple; calyx lobes, pedicels, and bracts similarly colored, drying dark purple; NCo, n&c CCo ..... subsp. californicum 16' Corolla white or ± yellow to ± pink or ± red-tinged; calyx lobes, pedicels, and bracts pale to pink-tinged, drying brown; generally CA-FP (inland except Aphyllon californicum subsp. grande), MP, s SNE, DMoj 17. Corolla tube ± stout, > 4 mm wide at constriction, abruptly expanded to form hump-back throat 17' Corolla tube slender below, < 4 mm wide at constriction, gradually expanded 19. Corolla 35–50 mm, lower lobes narrowly ovate, > 5 mm wide; generally on Corethrogyne filaginifolia; coastal dunes, marine terraces; s CCo, s SCoRO (Santa Barbara Co.), c SCo (Los Angeles Co.), n ChI (Santa Rosa Island) ..... subsp. grande 19' Corolla 20–40 mm, lower lobes narrowly triangular to oblong  Longer than wide, with nearly parallel sides; wider than linear. , < 5 mm wide 20. Plant 4–10 cm; stem proximal to inflorescence 1–5 cm; inflorescence a convex to ± flat-topped cluster < 5 cm; on Asteraceae; moist or vernally wet meadows, stream margins ..... subsp. grayanum 20' Plant 10–35 cm; stem proximal to inflorescence generally > 6 cm; inflorescence elongate, 5–20 cm; generally dry places; on various perennial  Completing life cycle (germination through death) in more than two years or growing seasons, generally non-woody (at least above ground) to woody; includes perennial herbs as well as subshrubs to trees; the abbreviation 'per' only refers to perennial herb, not to the word 'perennial' alone. herb and shrub Asteraceae ..... subsp. jepsonii
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