Common Name: FOUR O'CLOCK FAMILY
Habit: Annual, perennial herb, subshrub, [shrub, tree], glabrous or hairy. Stem: often forked. Leaf: opposite, sessile or petioled, pairs generally unequal; blade generally entire. Inflorescence: generally forked; spike, head-like cluster, or umbel, flowers rarely 1, bracts forming a calyx-like involucre or not. Flower: bisexual, generally +- radial (bilateral), sometimes cleistogamous in some genera; perianth of 1 whorl, generally petal-like, bell- to trumpet-shaped, base hardened, tightly surrounding ovary in fruit, lobes 3--5, generally notched to +- lobed; stamens 1--many; ovary superior (appearing inferior due to hardened perianth base), style 1. Fruit: achene in hardened perianth base; round to +- flat; smooth, angled, ribbed, or winged; glabrous, hairy, or glandular.
Genera In Family: 30 genera, 350 species: warm regions, especially America; some ornamental (Bougainvillea; Mirabilis, four o'clock).
eFlora Treatment Author: Andy Murdock, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti.

Common Name: FOUR O'CLOCK
Habit: Perennial herb, subshrub. Stem: repeatedly forked, decumbent to erect. Leaf: generally petioled. Inflorescence: branches ending in umbel-like cluster or solitary flowers; bracts 5(9), +- fused (or not) into calyx-like, bell- to saucer-shaped involucre; flowers in 1 involucre 1--16, generally not blooming together; flowers cleistogamous or not. Flower: radial or +- bilateral; perianth funnel- to bell-shaped, lobes 5; stamens 3--5, generally exserted; stigma +- spheric, generally exserted. Fruit: +- round to club-shaped; ribs or angles 0, 5, 10; wings 0.
Etymology: (Latin: wonderful) Note: Flowers open in evening, close in morning; species intergrade, taxonomy unsettled.
eFlora Treatment Author: Andy Murdock
Reference: Spellenberg 2003 FNANM 4:40--57

Stem: ascending to erect, 3--8 dm. Leaf: blade 3--12 cm, round to ovate, fleshy, glandular-hairy or glabrous in age. Inflorescence: involucre 1 per upper axil, peduncled, bell-shaped, +- glabrous to minutely glandular-hairy, 6-flowered; bracts 5, 22--35 mm, 1/2--3/4 fused. Flower: perianth 40--60 mm, narrowly funnel-shaped, magenta. Fruit: 6--11 mm, elliptic, often with 10 lines or low ribs.
Note: Varieties difficult to distinguish where they overlap in California; 1 other variety, Arizona to Colorado, Texas.
Unabridged Note: Mirabilis multiflora var. multiflora from Arizona to Colorado, Texas.