Common Name: EVENING-PRIMROSE FAMILY Habit: Annual to perennial herb (to tree). Leaf: cauline or basal, alternate, opposite, or whorled, generally simple and toothed (to pinnately compound); stipules 0 or generally deciduous. Inflorescence: spike, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1 in axils; bracted. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial, often opening at either dawn or dusk; hypanthium generally prolonged beyond ovary (measured from ovary tip to sepal base); sepals 4(2--7); petals 4(2--7, rarely 0), often fading darker; stamens 2 × or = sepals in number, anthers 2-chambered, opening lengthwise, pollen interconnected by threads; ovary inferior, chambers generally as many as sepals (sometimes becoming 1), placentas axile or parietal, ovules 1--many per chamber, style 1, stigma 4-lobed (or lobes as many as sepals), club-shaped, spheric, or hemispheric. Fruit: capsule, loculicidal (sometimes berry or indehiscent and nut-like). Seed: sometimes winged or hair-tufted. Genera In Family: 22 genera, +- 657 species: worldwide, especially western North America; many cultivated (Clarkia, Epilobium, Fuchsia, Oenothera). Note:Gaura moved to Oenothera. Fuchsia magellanica Lam. naturalized in northern California. eFlora Treatment Author: Warren L. Wagner & Peter C. Hoch, family description, key to genera, treatment of genera by Warren L. Wagner, except as noted Scientific Editor: Robert Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: WILLOWHERB Habit: Annual to subshrub. Leaf: generally opposite proximally (or clustered in axils), generally +- fine-toothed; veins generally obscure. Inflorescence: generally raceme, bracted. Flower: radial or rarely +- bilateral; sepals 4, erect; petals 4, notched; stamens 8, anthers attached at middle, pollen grains generally shed in 4s, cream-yellow; ovary chambers 4, stigma generally club-like, occasionally 4-lobed. Fruit: straight, cylindric to club-like. Seed: generally in 1 row per chamber, generally with white, deciduous hair-tuft. Species In Genus: 165 species: worldwide except tropics. Etymology: (Greek: upon pod, from inferior ovary) Note: Incl Boisduvalia, Zauschneria. Most taxa polyploid; many with anthers +- = stigma self-pollinated; many hybrids. Taxa with alternate leaves moved to Chamerion. eFlora Treatment Author: Peter C. Hoch Reference: Raven 1976 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 63:326--340; Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:81--95
Epilobium campestre (Jeps.) Hoch & W.L. Wagner
NATIVE Habit: Annual 1--5.5 dm, taprooted, basal branches generally decumbent, glabrous and peeling proximally, minutely strigose or spreading-hairy distally. Leaf: opposite only near base, +- sessile, 8--35 mm, lanceolate (narrowly), generally hairy. Inflorescence: crowded; bracts narrowly ovate or wider. Flower: generally cleistogamous; hypanthium 0.3--1.1 mm; sepals 0.7--2 mm; petals 1--3.2 mm, pink; stigma club-like, sometimes barely 4-lobed. Fruit: sessile, 3.5--8 mm, cylindric, tough, proximal 1/2 +- indehiscent; axis disintegrating. Seed: in 2 rows per chamber, 0.9--1.3 mm, netted, hair-tuft 0. Chromosomes: 2n=30. Ecology: Vernal pools, clay mud flats; Elevation: 30--3000 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP (exc ChI, e TR), MP; Distribution Outside California: to western Canada, North Dakota, Utah, northern Baja California; southern South America. Flowering Time: May--Sep Synonyms: Boisduvalia glabella (Nutt.) Walp.; Boisduvalia glabella var. campestris (Jeps.) Jeps.; Epilobium pygmaeum (Speg.) Hoch & P.H. Raven, illeg. Jepson eFlora Author: Peter C. Hoch Reference: Raven 1976 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 63:326--340; Wagner et al. 2007 Syst Bot Monogr 83:81--95 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Epilobium brachycarpum Next taxon: Epilobium canum
Botanical illustration including Epilobium campestre
Citation for this treatment: Peter C. Hoch 2012, Epilobium campestre, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, eflora_display.php?tid=89220, accessed on January 19, 2020.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2020, Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on January 19, 2020.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
