Common Name: MUSTARD FAMILY Habit: Annual to shrub; sap pungent, watery. Leaf: generally simple, alternate; generally both basal, cauline; stipules 0. Inflorescence: generally raceme, generally not bracted. Flower: bisexual, generally radial; sepals 4, generally free; petals (0)4, forming a cross, generally white or yellow to purple; stamens generally 6 (2 or 4), 4 long, 2 short (3 pairs of unequal length); ovary 1, superior, generally 2-chambered with septum connecting 2 parietal placentas; style 1, stigma entire or 2-lobed. Fruit: capsule, generally 2-valved, "silique" (length >= 3 × width) or "silicle" (length < 3 × width), dehiscent by 2 valves or indehiscent, cylindric or flat parallel or perpendicular to septum, segmented or not. Seed: 1--many, in 1 or 2 rows per chamber, winged or wingless; embryo strongly curved. Genera In Family: +- 330 genera, 3780 species: worldwide, especially temperate. Note: Highest diversity in Mediterranean area, mountains of southwestern Asia, adjacent central Asia, western North America; some Brassica species are oil or vegetable crops; Arabidopsis thaliana used in experimental molecular biology; many species are ornamentals, weeds. Aurinia saxatilis (L.) Desvaux in cultivation only. Aubrieta occasional waif in central NCoR, Carrichtera annua (L.) DC. in SCo, Iberis sempervirens L., Iberis umbellata L. in PR, Teesdalia coronopifolia (Bergeret) Thell., Teesdalia nudicaulis (L.) W.T. Aiton in southern NCoRO, CCo. Cardaria, Coronopus moved to Lepidium; Caulostramina to Hesperidanthus; Guillenia to Caulanthus; Heterodraba to Athysanus; California taxa of Lesquerella to Physaria; Malcolmia africana to Strigosella. eFlora Treatment Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, except as noted Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: PENNYCRESS Habit: Annual, scented when crushed; hairs simple or 0. Leaf: basal entire to dentate, petioled; cauline sessile, base lobed. Flower: sepals erect to ascending, base not sac-like; petals white, claw short or 0. Fruit: silicle, dehiscent, oblong, obcordate, obovate, or round, flat perpendicular to septum, unsegmented, tip notched; valves keeled, generally winged; stigma entire. Seed: 6--16 in 1 row, wingless. Etymology: (Greek: to crush, shield, from flat, shield-like fruit) Note: Other taxa in TJM (1993) moved to Noccaea. eFlora Treatment Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Reference: Koch & Al-Shehbaz 2004 Syst Bot 29:375--384
Thlaspi arvense L.
NATURALIZED Habit: Glabrous. Stem: (0.9)1.5--5.5(8) dm. Leaf: basal 1--5 cm, 0.4--2.3 cm wide, short-petioled, oblanceolate to obovate or spoon-shaped; distal cauline sessile, wavy-margined to dentate. Flower: sepals (0.5)0.9--1.5 mm; petals (2.4)3--4(5) mm, (0.8)1--1.7 mm wide. Fruit: (0.5)0.7--2 cm wide, obovate or +- round, base obtuse or rounded, tip deeply notched, notch to 5 mm deep; wings 1--1.5 mm wide at base, 3.5--5 mm wide at fruit tip; style 0.1--0.3 mm, included in notch; pedicel spreading, (5)9--13(15) mm. Seed: 6--16, (1.2)1.6--2(2.3) mm, ovoid, concentrically striate, +- black-brown. Chromosomes: 2n=14. Ecology: Disturbed areas, fields, thickets, bluffs, floodplains, woodland; Elevation: < 2000 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA; Distribution Outside California: North America; native to Europe. Flowering Time: Mar--Aug Jepson eFlora Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Reference: Koch & Al-Shehbaz 2004 Syst Bot 29:375--384 Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Thlaspi Next taxon: Thysanocarpus
Citation for this treatment: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz 2012, Thlaspi arvense, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=46497, accessed on April 19, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
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Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
