Common Name: BUTTERCUP FAMILY Habit: Annual, perennial herb, woody vine [shrub], occasionally aquatic. Leaf: generally basal and cauline, alternate or opposite, simple or compound; petioles at base generally flat, occasionally sheathing or stipule-like. Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial; sepals 3--6(20), free, early-deciduous or withering in fruit, generally green; petals 0--many, generally free; stamens generally 5--many, staminodes generally 0; pistils 1--many, ovary superior, chamber 1, style 0--1, generally +- persistent as beak, ovules 1--many. Fruit: achene, follicle, berry, +- utricle in Trautvetteria, in aggregate or not, 1--many-seeded. Genera In Family: +- 60 genera, 1700 species: worldwide, especially northern temperate, tropical mountains; many ornamental (Adonis, Aquilegia, Clematis, Consolida, Delphinium, Helleborus, Nigella). Toxicity: some highly TOXIC (Aconitum, Actaea, Delphinium, Ranunculus). Note: Taxa of Isopyrum in TJM (1993) moved to Enemion; Kumlienia moved to Ranunculus. eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax & Dieter H. Wilken, family description, key to genera Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: BUTTERCUP Habit: Annual to perennial herb, occasionally from stolons or caudices, terrestrial or aquatic; roots generally fibrous. Stem: prostrate to erect. Leaf: basal, cauline, or both, alternate, generally reduced upward; petiole base flat, stipule-like or not; basal, proximal cauline petioles generally long; blades simple to dissected or compound, entire to toothed. Inflorescence: cyme, axillary or terminal, 1--few-flowered. Flower: sepals 3--5(6), generally early-deciduous, generally green to yellow or purple; petals 0--17[(150)], shiny, generally yellow, occasionally white or purple, nectaries near base, pocket-like or with flap-like scale; anthers yellow; pistils generally many. Fruit: achene, compressed or not, +- spheric, disk-like (width 3--15 × depth), or lenticular (width 1--2 × depth), beaked. Species In Genus: +- 300 species: worldwide except lowland tropics; some ornamental. Etymology: (Latin: diminutive of Rana, frog, from wet habitats) eFlora Treatment Author: Alan T. Whittemore
Ranunculus hydrocharoides A. Gray
NATIVE Habit: Perennial herb 5--25 cm, erect to prostrate, generally rooting at nodes; root not thickened. Leaf: lower cauline 0.8--2.7 cm, 0.8--1.9 cm wide, ovate to widely ovate, base rounded to +- cordate, margin entire or dentate, tip rounded or obtuse. Inflorescence: bracts lanceolate to oblanceolate, occasionally ovate. Flower: receptacle glabrous; sepals 5, spreading or reflexed from base, 1.5--3 mm, 1--2 mm wide, early-deciduous; petals 5--6, 3--5 mm, 1--2 mm wide. Fruit: body 1.2--1.4 mm, 1--1.2 mm wide, lenticular, wall thick, smooth, beak 0.4--1 mm, straight or curved, lanceolate to thread-like. Ecology: Wet ground, shallow water, creek edges, lakes; Elevation: 1200--2800 m. Bioregional Distribution: SNE; Distribution Outside California: to New Mexico, Central America. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug Jepson eFlora Author: Alan T. Whittemore Jepson Online Interchange Listed on CNPS Rare Plant Inventory Previous taxon: Ranunculus hebecarpus Next taxon: Ranunculus hystriculus
Botanical illustration including Ranunculus hydrocharoides
Citation for this treatment: Alan T. Whittemore 2012, Ranunculus hydrocharoides, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=40909, accessed on November 22, 2019.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2019, Jepson eFlora, http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on November 22, 2019.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
Yellow markers indicate records that may provide evidence for eFlora range revision or may have georeferencing or identification issues.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time.
