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Acanthaceae Habit: [Annual, perennial herb to] shrub, [tree], nodes generally swollen. Leaf: simple, generally opposite, entire (toothed [lobed]); stipules 0. Inflorescence: variable, with bracts, generally also bractlets. Flower: bisexual; calyx deeply (3)4--5 lobed [(sepals free)]; corolla 4--5 lobed, radial to 2-lipped; stamens 2 or 4, epipetalous, anther sacs sometimes dissimilar in size or placement; ovary superior, 4--many-ovuled, chambers 1--2, placentas axile (free central), stigmas 1--2. Fruit: capsule, loculicidal, generally dehiscing explosively, valves 2. Seed: 1--4[+], each generally subtended by hook-like outgrowth that remains in fruit. Genera In Family: 220 genera, 4000 species: especially tropics; some ornamental: Justicia (Beloperone, shrimp-plant), Acanthus, Thunbergia. Jepson eFlora Author: Thomas F. Daniel, Margriet Wetherwax & Lawrence R. Heckard Reference: Daniel 1998 Proc Calif Acad Sci 50:217--256; Hilu et al. 2003 Amer J Bot 90:1758--1766; Schwarzbach & McDade 2002 Syst Bot 27:84--98 Unabridged Reference: Daniel 1984 Desert Pl 5:162--179; Daniel 1998 Proc Calif Acad Sci 50:217--256 Scientific Editor: Thomas J. Rosatti. Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Key to Acanthaceae Previous taxon: Ceratophyllum demersum Next taxon: Avicennia |