Common Name: PLANTAIN FAMILY
Habit: Annual to shrub, some aquatic. Leaf: basal or cauline, alternate or opposite (whorled), simple, entire to dentate or lobed, venation generally pinnate; stipules 0. Inflorescence: raceme, spike, or flowers axillary in 1--few-flowered clusters; flowers few to many, each subtended by 1 bract. Flower: unisexual or bisexual, radial or bilateral; sepals 4--5, generally fused at base; corolla 4--5-lobed, scarious or not, persistent or not, generally 2-lipped, upper lip generally 2-lobed, lower generally 3-lobed, spur present or not, tube sac-like at base or not; stamens 2 or 4, alternate corolla lobes, epipetalous, staminode 0 or 1--2, anthers opening by 2 slits; ovary superior, [1]2--4-chambered, style 1, stigma lobes 0 or 2. Fruit: generally a capsule, septicidal, loculicidal, circumscissile, or dehiscing by terminal slits or pores.
Genera In Family: +- 110 genera, +- 2000 species: worldwide, especially temperate. Note: Veronicaceae sensu Olmstead et al. Recently treated to include Callitrichaceae, Hippuridaceae, and most non-parasitic California genera of Scrophulariaceae (except Buddleja, Diplacus, Erythranthe, Limosella, Lindernia, Mimetanthe, Mimulus, Myoporum, Scrophularia, Verbascum). California Maurandya moved to Holmgrenanthe and Maurandella. Mohavea moved to Antirrhinum. Limnophila ×ludoviciana Thieret an occasional agricultural weed in rice fields. Hebe ×franciscana (Eastw.) Souster, Hebe speciosa (R. Cunn.) Andersen only cultivated.
eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax, except as noted
Scientific Editor: Robert W. Patterson, Bruce G. Baldwin.

Habit: Perennial herb, shrub, glabrous to hairy. Stem: erect, arching, or pendent, often much-branched. Leaf: opposite or whorled in 3s, entire; veins pinnate. Inflorescence: raceme. Flower: calyx lobes 5, entire, +- equal; corolla generally red, tube with sac-like extension at base, lower lip base +- swollen, generally not fully closing mouth, not spurred; stamens 4, often exserted, staminode 0; stigma exserted. Fruit: ovoid to spheric; chambers dehiscent by 1--2 pores near tip. Seed: many; ridges thin, netted.
Etymology: (William Gambel, American naturalist, collector, 1823--1849) Note: South American species remain in Galvezia.
eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax
Reference: Elisens & Nelson 1993 Syst Bot 18:454--468
Unabridged Reference: Ghebrehiwet et al. 2000 Pl Syst Evol 220:223--239; Oyama & Baum 2004 Amer J Bot 91:918--925; Sutton 1988 A revision of the tribe Antirrhineae. Oxford Univ Press