Common Name: MUSTARD FAMILY Habit: Annual to shrub; sap pungent, watery. Leaf: generally simple, alternate; generally both basal, cauline; stipules 0. Inflorescence: generally raceme, generally not bracted. Flower: bisexual, generally radial; sepals 4, generally free; petals (0)4, forming a cross, generally white or yellow to purple; stamens generally 6 (2 or 4), 4 long, 2 short (3 pairs of unequal length); ovary 1, superior, generally 2-chambered with septum connecting 2 parietal placentas; style 1, stigma entire or 2-lobed. Fruit: capsule, generally 2-valved, "silique" (length >= 3 × width) or "silicle" (length < 3 × width), dehiscent by 2 valves or indehiscent, cylindric or flat parallel or perpendicular to septum, segmented or not. Seed: 1--many, in 1 or 2 rows per chamber, winged or wingless; embryo strongly curved. Genera In Family: +- 330 genera, 3780 species: worldwide, especially temperate. Note: Highest diversity in Mediterranean area, mountains of southwestern Asia, adjacent central Asia, western North America; some Brassica species are oil or vegetable crops; Arabidopsis thaliana used in experimental molecular biology; many species are ornamentals, weeds. Aurinia saxatilis (L.) Desvaux in cultivation only. Aubrieta occasional waif in central NCoR, Carrichtera annua (L.) DC. in SCo, Iberis sempervirens L., Iberis umbellata L. in PR, Teesdalia coronopifolia (Bergeret) Thell., Teesdalia nudicaulis (L.) W.T. Aiton in southern NCoRO, CCo. Cardaria, Coronopus moved to Lepidium; Caulostramina to Hesperidanthus; Guillenia to Caulanthus; Heterodraba to Athysanus; California taxa of Lesquerella to Physaria; Malcolmia africana to Strigosella. eFlora Treatment Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz, except as noted Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: SCURVYGRASS Habit: Annual to perennial herb, low, +- fleshy, glabrous. Leaf: basal simple, thick, petioled; cauline petioled or sessile, basally lobed, entire or dentate. Inflorescence: elongate. Flower: sepals ascending to spreading, base not sac-like; petals oblanceolate to oblong or elliptic, white. Fruit: silicle, round to oblong, +- inflated or flat perpendicular to septum, sessile, dehiscent, unsegmented; stigma entire. Seed: 5--32, 2 rows per chamber. Etymology: (Latin: spoon, from basal leaves of some species) eFlora Treatment Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz
Cochlearia groenlandica L.
NATIVE Habit: Biennial, perennial herb. Stem: spreading to erect, (0.1)0.5--3(4) dm. Leaf: petiole 1--7(10) cm; basal blades 0.7--2(2.5) cm, ovate to deltoid, margin entire to wavy or obscurely dentate, base truncate to tapered; upper cauline sessile, entire to obscurely dentate, not basally lobed. Flower: sepals 1--2(3) mm; petals 2--4(5) mm, oblanceolate to spoon-shaped. Fruit: 3--5.5(7) mm, ovoid to obovoid; style 0.1--0.4 mm; pedicel ascending, (2)5--15(20) mm. Chromosomes: 2n=14. Ecology: Seabird nesting areas on offshore rocks, islands; Elevation: < 100 m. Bioregional Distribution: n NCo (Del Norte Co.); Distribution Outside California: to Alaska, eastern Canada. Flowering Time: Jun--Aug Note: Generally treated as variety of Cochlearia officinalis, but latter is a Europe tetraploid (2n=24), of a different lineage. Synonyms: Cochlearia officinalis L. var. arctica (Schltdl. ex DC.) Gelert Unabridged Synonyms: Cochlearia officinalis L. subsp. arctica (Schltdl. ex DC.) Hultén Jepson eFlora Author: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Listed on CNPS Rare Plant Inventory Previous taxon: Cochlearia Next taxon: Coincya
Botanical illustration including Cochlearia groenlandica
Citation for this treatment: Ihsan A. Al-Shehbaz 2012, Cochlearia groenlandica, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=19923, accessed on April 19, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.
No expert verified images found for Cochlearia groenlandica.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
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Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
