Common Name: BUTTERCUP FAMILY Habit: Annual, perennial herb, woody vine [shrub], occasionally aquatic. Leaf: generally basal and cauline, alternate or opposite, simple or compound; petioles at base generally flat, occasionally sheathing or stipule-like. Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers 1. Flower: generally bisexual, generally radial; sepals 3--6(20), free, early-deciduous or withering in fruit, generally green; petals 0--many, generally free; stamens generally 5--many, staminodes generally 0; pistils 1--many, ovary superior, chamber 1, style 0--1, generally +- persistent as beak, ovules 1--many. Fruit: achene, follicle, berry, +- utricle in Trautvetteria, in aggregate or not, 1--many-seeded. Genera In Family: +- 60 genera, 1700 species: worldwide, especially northern temperate, tropical mountains; many ornamental (Adonis, Aquilegia, Clematis, Consolida, Delphinium, Helleborus, Nigella). Toxicity: some highly TOXIC (Aconitum, Actaea, Delphinium, Ranunculus). Note: Taxa of Isopyrum in TJM (1993) moved to Enemion; Kumlienia moved to Ranunculus. eFlora Treatment Author: Margriet Wetherwax & Dieter H. Wilken, family description, key to genera Scientific Editor: Douglas H. Goldman, Bruce G. Baldwin.
Common Name: COLUMBINE Habit: Perennial herb; caudex thick, branched to not. Stem: 1--few, ascending to erect, branched to not, scapose to not, glabrous to glandular-hairy. Leaf: basal 1--3-ternate, petiole generally long; cauline 0--few, generally much reduced, deeply 3-lobed to 1--2-ternate, petiole short to +- 0; segments generally wedge-shaped to obovate, abaxially pale green to glaucous, adaxially green to gray, glabrous to glandular. Inflorescence: few-flowered raceme or flower 1, terminal; axis, pedicels glabrous to glandular; flowers generally nodding. Flower: sepals 5, petal-like, spreading [to +- reflexed]; petals 5, spurs between sepals, mouths < to > 90° to exposed filaments; pistils generally 5. Fruit: follicle, glabrous to glandular. Seed: smooth, shiny, brown to black. Etymology: (Perhaps Latin: eagle, from spurs, or water-drawer, from habitats) Note: Many species, hybrids cultivated as ornamental; natural hybrids common; recent adaptive radiation with specialized pollinations syndromes (bee, hummingbird, hawkmoth). eFlora Treatment Author: Justen Whittall, Scott A. Hodges & Dieter H. Wilken Unabridged Reference: Munz 1946 Gentes Herb 7:1--150
Aquilegia formosa Fisch. ex DC.
NATIVE Habit: Plant 20--80(150) cm, glabrous, glaucous at least proximally. Leaf: basal, lower cauline generally 2-ternate, petioles 5--30(40) cm, leaflets 7--45(130) mm; upper cauline generally simple to deeply 3-lobed. Flower: sepals 10--20(25) mm, red; petal blade 0 or 1--7 mm, yellow, spur 12--23 mm, red, tip 1.5--4 mm wide, mouth <= 90° to exposed filaments, 4--6 mm wide, +- round; stamens 10--18 mm. Fruit: 15--28 mm, beak 9--12 mm. Chromosomes: 2n=14. Ecology: Streambanks, seeps, moist places, chaparral, oak woodland, mixed-evergreen or conifer forests; Elevation: < 3300 m. Bioregional Distribution: CA-FP (exc GV, SCo, ChI), GB; Distribution Outside California: to Alaska, Montana, Baja California. Flowering Time: Apr--Sep Note: Generally hummingbird-pollinated; leaf, petal blade variation needs study. Synonyms: Aquilegia formosa f. anomala J.T. Howell; Aquilegia formosa var. hypolasia (Greene) Munz; Aquilegia formosa var. pauciflora (Greene) Boothman; Aquilegia formosa var. truncata (Fisch. & C.A. Mey.) Baker Jepson eFlora Author: Justen Whittall, Scott A. Hodges & Dieter H. Wilken Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange) Previous taxon: Aquilegia eximia Next taxon: Aquilegia pubescens
Jepson Video for Aquilegia formosa
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Botanical illustration including Aquilegia formosa
Citation for this treatment: Justen Whittall, Scott A. Hodges & Dieter H. Wilken 2012, Aquilegia formosa, in Jepson Flora Project (eds.) Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/eflora_display.php?tid=13668, accessed on April 19, 2024.
Citation for the whole project: Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2024, Jepson eFlora, https://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/, accessed on April 19, 2024.
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(Note: any qualifiers in the taxon distribution description, such as 'northern', 'southern', 'adjacent' etc., are not reflected in the map above, and in some cases indication of a taxon in a subdivision is based on a single collection or author-verified occurence).
Data provided by the participants of the
Consortium of California Herbaria.
MAP LEGEND View all CCH records All markers link to CCH specimen records. The original determination is shown in the popup window.
Blue markers indicate specimens that map to one of the expected Jepson geographic subdivisions (see left map). Purple markers indicate specimens collected from a garden, greenhouse, or other non-wild location.
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CCH collections by month
Duplicates counted once; synonyms included.
Species do not include records of infraspecific taxa, if there are more than 1 infraspecific taxon in CA.
Blue line denotes eFlora flowering time (fruiting time in some monocot genera).
