Habit: Evergreen or not.
Leaf: stipules small, generally early-deciduous.
Staminate Inflorescence: catkins, 1--several, pendent, slender, proximal on twig.
Pistillate Inflorescence: in distal leaf axils, short-stalked; flower generally 1.
Staminate Flower: stamens 4--10.
Pistillate Flower: calyx minute, generally 6-lobed; ovary enclosed by involucre.
Fruit: nut 1, partly enclosed by cup-like involucre (cup) with appressed scales (nut and cup = acorn), remnants of perianth and style persistent as small point at tip; scales tubercled to not; mature in years 1 (on younger stems) or 2 (on older stems).
Chromosomes: 2n=24.
Species In Genus: +- 600 species: northern hemisphere, to northern South America, India.
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name for oak)
Note: Many named hybrids; those (3) treated here form widespread populations; most others occur as single individuals, and some but not all of these are mentioned here, under the first parent treated (alphabetically). Reproduction of many species declining due to habitat degradation or loss as well as disease.
Quercus robur added, as waif.
Jepson eFlora Author: Thomas J. Rosatti & John M. Tucker
Reference: Manos et al. 1999 Molec Phylogen Evol 12:333--349
Unabridged Reference: Cottam, W. P., J. M. Tucker, & F. S. Santamour. 1982. Oak hybridization at the University of Utah. State Arboretum of Utah Publication No. 1. Salt Lake City; Hardin, J. W. 1975. Hybridization and introgression in Quercus alba. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum 56: 336--363; Manos, P. S., Doyle, J. J., & Nixon, K. C. 1999. Phylogeny, biogeography, and processes of molecular differentiation of Quercus subgenus Quercus (Fagaceae). Molec Phylogen Evol 12: 333--349.Index of California Plant Names (ICPN; linked via the Jepson Online Interchange)Key to Quercus
Previous taxon: Notholithocarpus densiflorus var. echinoidesNext taxon: Quercus ×acutidens