trait.id	trait	state.id	dstate
1	Growth form	1	short basal
1	Growth form	2	long basal
1	Growth form	3	semi-basal
1	Growth form	4	erect leafy
1	Growth form	5	cushions (=pulvinate)
1	Growth form	6	tussocks
1	Growth form	7	dwarf shrubs
1	Growth form	8	shrubs
1	Growth form	9	trees
1	Growth form	10	leafless shrubs or trees
1	Growth form	11	short succulents
1	Growth form	12	tall succulents
1	Growth form	13	palmoids
1	Growth form	14	epiphytes
1	Growth form	15	climbers and scramblers
1	Growth form	16	hemi-epiphytes
1	Growth form	17	hemiparasites or holoparasites
1	Growth form	18	aquatic submerged
1	Growth form	19	aquatic floating
1	Growth form	20	other growth forms.
2	Life form	1	phanerophytes
2	Life form	2	chamaephytes
2	Life form	3	hemicryptophytes
2	Life form	4	geophytes
2	Life form	5	therophytes
2	Life form	6	helophytes
2	Life form	7	hydrophytes
4	Plant habit	1	winter annual
4	Plant habit	2	spring annual
4	Plant habit	3	summer annual
4	Plant habit	4	perennial herbaceous
4	Plant habit	5	shrub
4	Plant habit	6	tree
5	Maximum height (d)	1	0-3 cm
5	Maximum height (d)	2	3-10 cm
5	Maximum height (d)	3	10-50
5	Maximum height (d)	4	50-100
5	Maximum height (d)	5	100-150
5	Maximum height (d)	6	150-200
5	Maximum height (d)	7	200-300
5	Maximum height (d)	8	>300
7	Flower height (d)	1	0-5 cm
7	Flower height (d)	2	5-10
7	Flower height (d)	3	10-50
7	Flower height (d)	4	50-100
7	Flower height (d)	5	100-150
7	Flower height (d)	6	150-200
7	Flower height (d)	7	200-300
7	Flower height (d)	8	>300
9	Dead branch retention	1	no
9	Dead branch retention	2	some
9	Dead branch retention	3	a lot
57	Twig dry matter content	1	<200 mg g-1
57	Twig dry matter content	2	200–400
57	Twig dry matter content	3	400–600
57	Twig dry matter content	4	600–800
57	Twig dry matter content	5	>800
58	Twig drying time	1	²5 days
58	Twig drying time	2	4
58	Twig drying time	3	3
58	Twig drying time	4	2
58	Twig drying time	5	²1
10	Degree of ramification (branching)	1	no branches
10	Degree of ramification (branching)	2	only 1st order
10	Degree of ramification (branching)	3	2 orders
10	Degree of ramification (branching)	4	3 orders
10	Degree of ramification (branching)	5	4 orders
11	Standing fine litter in driest season	1	none
11	Standing fine litter in driest season	2	some
11	Standing fine litter in driest season	3	substantial (with dead leaves/twigs or flaking bark)
11	Standing fine litter in driest season	4	more dead than live fine mass aboveground
11	Standing fine litter in driest season	5	shoot dies back entirely
11	Standing fine litter in driest season	6	standing as one litter unit
12	Volatile oils, waxes and/or resins	1	none
12	Volatile oils, waxes and/or resins	2	some
12	Volatile oils, waxes and/or resins	3	substantial
12	Volatile oils, waxes and/or resins	4	abundant
12	Volatile oils, waxes and/or resins	5	very abundant
13	Leaf type	1	simple
13	Leaf type	2	compound
13	Leaf type	3	dissected or lobed
13	Leaf type	4	modified
13	Leaf type	5	absent
14	Compound leaf type	1	palmate
14	Compound leaf type	2	pinnate
14	Compound leaf type	3	bipinnate
14	Compound leaf type	4	odd
14	Compound leaf type	5	even
15	Blade morphology	1	cylindric
15	Blade morphology	2	scale-like
15	Blade morphology	3	narrowly linear
15	Blade morphology	4	linear
15	Blade morphology	5	ovate
15	Blade morphology	6	elliptic
15	Blade morphology	7	deltate
15	Blade morphology	8	cordate
15	Blade morphology	9	reniform
16	Blade length (d)	1	<0.01 cm
16	Blade length (d)	2	0.01-1
16	Blade length (d)	3	1-5
16	Blade length (d)	4	5-10
16	Blade length (d)	5	10-50
16	Blade length (d)	6	50-100
16	Blade length (d)	7	>100
17	Blade width (d)	1	<0.01 cm
17	Blade width (d)	2	0.01-1
17	Blade width (d)	3	1-5
17	Blade width (d)	4	5-10
17	Blade width (d)	5	10-50
17	Blade width (d)	6	>50
20	Compound leaf length (d)	1	<0.01 cm
20	Compound leaf length (d)	2	0.01-1
20	Compound leaf length (d)	3	1-5
20	Compound leaf length (d)	4	5-10
20	Compound leaf length (d)	5	10-50
20	Compound leaf length (d)	6	50-100
20	Compound leaf length (d)	7	100-500
20	Compound leaf length (d)	7	>500
21	Compound leaf width (d)	1	<0.01 cm
21	Compound leaf width (d)	2	0.01-1
21	Compound leaf width (d)	3	1-5
21	Compound leaf width (d)	4	5-10
21	Compound leaf width (d)	5	10-50
21	Compound leaf width (d)	6	50-100
21	Compound leaf width (d)	7	>100
25	Blade area (d)	1	<0.01 cm2
25	Blade area (d)	2	0.01-1
25	Blade area (d)	3	1-5
25	Blade area (d)	4	5-10
25	Blade area (d)	5	10-50
25	Blade area (d)	6	50-100
25	Blade area (d)	7	> 100
27	Raunkiaer leaf size	1	leptophyll < 25 mm2
27	Raunkiaer leaf size	2	nanophyll 25-225
27	Raunkiaer leaf size	3	microphyll 225-2025
27	Raunkiaer leaf size	4	mesophyll 2025-18225
27	Raunkiaer leaf size	5	macropyll 18225-164025
27	Raunkiaer leaf size	6	megaphyll > 164026.
28	Blade margin	1	not applicable
28	Blade margin	2	entire
28	Blade margin	3	crenate
28	Blade margin	4	dentate
28	Blade margin	5	lobed
28	Blade margin	6	lobed and dentate
28	Blade margin	7	serrate
33	Stomatal distribution	1	both
33	Stomatal distribution	2	lower
33	Stomatal distribution	3	upper
33	Stomatal distribution	4	none
33	Stomatal distribution	5	stem
39	Leaf texture	1	sclerophyll
39	Leaf texture	2	mesophyll
39	Leaf texture	3	succulent
54	Leaf habit	1	evergreen
54	Leaf habit	2	summer deciduous
54	Leaf habit	3	winter deciduous
54	Leaf habit	4	semi-deciduous
55	Photosynthetic pathway	1	C3
55	Photosynthetic pathway	2	C4
55	Photosynthetic pathway	3	CAM
59	Green/photosynthetic stems	1	yes
59	Green/photosynthetic stems	2	no
60	Stem succulence	1	yes
60	Stem succulence	2	no
60	Stem succulence	3	in other organs (please specify)
61	Bark thickness	1	less 1mm
61	Bark thickness	2	1-10
61	Bark thickness	3	>10
63	Bark surface structure (texture)	1	smooth
63	Bark surface structure (texture)	2	very slight texture
63	Bark surface structure (texture)	3	intermediate texture
63	Bark surface structure (texture)	4	strong texture
63	Bark surface structure (texture)	5	very coarse texture.
64	Spinescence (density)	1	no spines, thorns or prickles
64	Spinescence (density)	2	low or very local density of soft spine equivalents <5 mm;
64	Spinescence (density)	3	high density of soft spine equivalents or intermediate density of spine equivalents of intermediate hardness;
64	Spinescence (density)	4	intermediate or high density of hard sharp spine equivalents >5 mm;
64	Spinescence (density)	5	intermediate or high density of hard sharp spine equivalents >20 mm;
64	Spinescence (density)	6	intermediate or high density of hard sharp spine equivalents >100 mm
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	1	glabrous
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	2	canescent
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	3	ciliate
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	4	prickle
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	5	puberulent
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	6	scabrous
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	7	scale
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	8	strigose
65	Surface indumenta on leaves	9	tomentose.
66	Surface indumenta on stems	1	glabrous
66	Surface indumenta on stems	2	canescent
66	Surface indumenta on stems	3	ciliate
66	Surface indumenta on stems	4	prickle
66	Surface indumenta on stems	5	puberulent
66	Surface indumenta on stems	6	scabrous
66	Surface indumenta on stems	7	scale
66	Surface indumenta on stems	8	strigose
66	Surface indumenta on stems	9	tomentose.
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	1	glabrous
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	2	canescent
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	3	ciliate
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	4	prickle
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	5	puberulent
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	6	scabrous
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	7	scale
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	8	strigose
67	Surface indumenta on flowers	9	tomentose.
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	1	glabrous
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	2	canescent
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	3	ciliate
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	4	prickle
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	5	puberulent
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	6	scabrous
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	7	scale
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	8	strigose
68	Surface indumenta on fruits	9	tomentose.
69	Surface indumenta on buds	1	glabrous
69	Surface indumenta on buds	2	canescent
69	Surface indumenta on buds	3	ciliate
69	Surface indumenta on buds	4	prickle
69	Surface indumenta on buds	5	puberulent
69	Surface indumenta on buds	6	scabrous
69	Surface indumenta on buds	7	scale
69	Surface indumenta on buds	8	strigose
69	Surface indumenta on buds	9	tomentose.
70	Aromatic/Chemical defences	1	not present or present in not significant amounts,
70	Aromatic/Chemical defences	2	terpenoids (pyrethrum, essential oils, resins, latex)
70	Aromatic/Chemical defences	3	phenolics (lignins, tannins, flavonoids, allelopathics)
70	Aromatic/Chemical defences	4	alkaloids
70	Aromatic/Chemical defences	5	present, type unknown
71	Root depth: 1. type	1	shallow
71	Root depth: 1. type	2	deep
72	Root depth: 2. depth	1	<0.25 m
72	Root depth: 2. depth	2	0.25-0.5
72	Root depth: 2. depth	3	0.5-1
72	Root depth: 2. depth	4	1-2
72	Root depth: 2. depth	5	2-5
72	Root depth: 2. depth	6	5-10
72	Root depth: 2. depth	7	>10
74	Root type	1	absent
74	Root type	2	tap root
74	Root type	3	fibrous
74	Root type	4	adventitious
74	Root type	5	contractile
75	Mycorrhizal association	1	arbuscular mycorrhiza
75	Mycorrhizal association	2	ectomycorrhiza
75	Mycorrhizal association	3	ericoid
75	Mycorrhizal association	4	orchid
75	Mycorrhizal association	5	no mycorrhizal association
75	Mycorrhizal association	6	unknown
76	Strength of mycorrhizal association	1	obligate or nearly obligate
76	Strength of mycorrhizal association	2	facultative
76	Strength of mycorrhizal association	3	not important
76	Strength of mycorrhizal association	4	unknown
77	N fixation	1	Rhizobium
77	N fixation	2	Actinorhiza (Frankia)
77	N fixation	3	No
79	Seed longevity	1	transient (<1 year)
79	Seed longevity	2	short-term persistent (1-5 years)
79	Seed longevity	3	long-term persistent (>5 years)
80	Seed length	1	<1 mm
80	Seed length	2	1-5
80	Seed length	3	5-10
80	Seed length	4	10-25
80	Seed length	5	25-50
80	Seed length	6	50-100
80	Seed length	7	>100
81	Seed width	1	<1 mm
81	Seed width	2	1-5
81	Seed width	3	5-10
81	Seed width	4	10-25
81	Seed width	5	25-50
81	Seed width	6	50-100
81	Seed width	7	>100
83	Annual seed production per plant	1	1-10 seeds/plant
83	Annual seed production per plant	2	10-100
83	Annual seed production per plant	3	100-1000
83	Annual seed production per plant	4	1000-10000
83	Annual seed production per plant	5	>10000
85	Heterocarpy	1	yes
85	Heterocarpy	2	no
86	Dispersal mode	1	unassisted dispersal
86	Dispersal mode	2	wind dispersal (anemochory)
86	Dispersal mode	3	internal animal transport (endo-zoochory)
86	Dispersal mode	4	external animal transport (exo-zoochory)
86	Dispersal mode	5	dispersal by hoarding
86	Dispersal mode	6	ant dispersal (myrmecochory)
86	Dispersal mode	7	dispersal by water (hydrochory)
86	Dispersal mode	8	dispersal by launching (ballistichory)
86	Dispersal mode	9	bristle contraction
87	Diaspore type	1	vegetative dispersule
87	Diaspore type	2	one-seeded generative dispersule
87	Diaspore type	3	multi-seeded generative dispersule
88	Seed structure	1	Nutrient rich appendages or structures: Elaisome
88	Seed structure	2	Nutrient rich appendages or structures: Aril
88	Seed structure	3	Nutrient rich appendages or structures: Pulp
88	Seed structure	4	Balloon structures: Open structures
88	Seed structure	5	Balloon structures: Closed structures
88	Seed structure	6	Small flat appendages
88	Seed structure	7	Large flat appendages
88	Seed structure	8	One short elongated appendage
88	Seed structure	9	Two or more short appendages
88	Seed structure	10	One long elongated appendage
88	Seed structure	11	Two or more long elongated appendages
88	Seed structure	12	Hooked
88	Seed structure	13	Other specializations
88	Seed structure	14	No appendages: Structured surface
88	Seed structure	15	No appendages: Smooth surface
88	Seed structure	7	Unknown
89	Fruit morphology	1	achene
89	Fruit morphology	2	berry
89	Fruit morphology	3	capsule
89	Fruit morphology	4	drupe
89	Fruit morphology	5	follicle
89	Fruit morphology	6	legume
89	Fruit morphology	7	nut
89	Fruit morphology	8	pome
89	Fruit morphology	9	utricle
90	Dehiscent fruit	1	yes
90	Dehiscent fruit	2	no
91	Simple fruit	1	yes
91	Simple fruit	2	no (compound)
92	Fleshy fruit	1	yes
92	Fleshy fruit	2	no
93	Number of seeds per fruit	1	1 seed
93	Number of seeds per fruit	2	1-3
93	Number of seeds per fruit	3	3-5
93	Number of seeds per fruit	4	5-10
93	Number of seeds per fruit	5	10-15
93	Number of seeds per fruit	6	15-30
93	Number of seeds per fruit	7	30-50
93	Number of seeds per fruit	8	50-100
93	Number of seeds per fruit	9	100-500
93	Number of seeds per fruit	10	500-1000
93	Number of seeds per fruit	11	>1000
94	Germination (seed type)	1	Recalcitrant
94	Germination (seed type)	2	Orthodox
94	Germination (seed type)	3	Dormant
94	Germination (seed type)	4	Non-dormant
95	Germination requirements	1	high temperature
95	Germination requirements	2	low temperature
95	Germination requirements	3	fluctuating temperature
95	Germination requirements	4	drying at high temperature
95	Germination requirements	5	darkness
95	Germination requirements	6	light
95	Germination requirements	7	gases: oxygen, carbon dioxide, ethylene, etc..
95	Germination requirements	8	water: hydratation, wet-dry cycles, etc..
95	Germination requirements	9	inorganic chemicals: nitrate nitrite, etc.
95	Germination requirements	10	fire
95	Germination requirements	11	smoke
95	Germination requirements	12	charate
95	Germination requirements	13	animal digestive system
95	Germination requirements	14	unknown
96	Longevity	1	<1 yr
96	Longevity	2	1-5
96	Longevity	3	6-100
96	Longevity	4	100+
97	Reproductive episodes	1	semelparous
97	Reproductive episodes	2	iteroparous
98	Minimum age at reproductive maturity	1	<1 yr
98	Minimum age at reproductive maturity	2	1-2
98	Minimum age at reproductive maturity	3	3-5
98	Minimum age at reproductive maturity	4	6-10
98	Minimum age at reproductive maturity	5	10+
99	Clonality	1	non-clonal
99	Clonality	2	above-ground: stolons
99	Clonality	3	above-ground: gemmiparous
99	Clonality	4	above-ground: other vegetative buds or plant fragments
99	Clonality	5	below-ground: rhizomes
99	Clonality	6	below-ground: tubers
99	Clonality	7	below-ground: bulbs
99	Clonality	8	below-ground: adventitious root buds
100	Resprouting behavior	1	non-resprouting
100	Resprouting behavior	2	epicormic
100	Resprouting behavior	3	basal
100	Resprouting behavior	4	rhizome/root/lignotuber/burl
100	Resprouting behavior	5	unknown
101	Resprouting factors	1	herbivory
101	Resprouting factors	2	fire
101	Resprouting factors	3	wind
101	Resprouting factors	4	other factors (please specify)
102	Pollen vector	1	wind
102	Pollen vector	2	water
102	Pollen vector	3	pseudocleistogamy
102	Pollen vector	4	cleistogamy
102	Pollen vector	5	insects
102	Pollen vector	6	bats
102	Pollen vector	7	birds
102	Pollen vector	8	slugs
102	Pollen vector	9	other animals
102	Pollen vector	10	other abiotic vectors
103	Mating system	1	self-compatible
103	Mating system	2	± self-compatible
103	Mating system	3	± self-incompatible
103	Mating system	4	self-incompatible
104	Floral rewards	1	nectar
104	Floral rewards	2	pollen
104	Floral rewards	3	oil
104	Floral rewards	4	deceit
105	Flower size	1	< 5 mm
105	Flower size	2	5-10
105	Flower size	3	10-30
105	Flower size	4	30-50
105	Flower size	5	50-100
105	Flower size	6	100-200
105	Flower size	7	200-500
105	Flower size	8	> 500
108	Floral symmetry	1	asymmetric
108	Floral symmetry	2	bilateral
108	Floral symmetry	3	biradial
108	Floral symmetry	4	radial
109	Flower color	1	blue
109	Flower color	2	brown
109	Flower color	3	yellow
109	Flower color	4	green
109	Flower color	5	lilac
109	Flower color	6	orange
109	Flower color	7	purple
109	Flower color	8	red
109	Flower color	9	pink
109	Flower color	10	various colors
109	Flower color	11	violet
109	Flower color	12	white
110	Heterostyly	1	distyly
110	Heterostyly	2	tristily
110	Heterostyly	3	stigma-height dimorphism
110	Heterostyly	4	homostyly
111	Breeding system	1	allogamous
111	Breeding system	2	facultative allogamous
111	Breeding system	3	mixed mating
111	Breeding system	4	facultative autogamous
111	Breeding system	5	autogamous
111	Breeding system	6	automixis
112	Plant sex expression	1	hermaphrodite
112	Plant sex expression	2	monoecious
112	Plant sex expression	3	dioecious
112	Plant sex expression	4	gynomonoecious
112	Plant sex expression	5	andromonoecious
112	Plant sex expression	6	trimonoecious (polygamous).
120	Typical habitat	1	Coastal Strand
120	Typical habitat	2	Coastal Salt Marsh
120	Typical habitat	3	Freshwater Marsh
120	Typical habitat	4	Northern Coastal Scrub
120	Typical habitat	5	Coastal Sage Scrub
120	Typical habitat	6	Sagebrush Scrub
120	Typical habitat	7	Shadscale Scrub
120	Typical habitat	8	Creosote Bush Scrub
120	Typical habitat	9	Alkali Sink
120	Typical habitat	10	North Coastal Coniferous Forest
120	Typical habitat	11	Closed-cone Pine Forest
120	Typical habitat	12	Redwood Forest
120	Typical habitat	13	Douglas-Fir Forest
120	Typical habitat	14	Yellow Pine Forest
120	Typical habitat	15	Red Fir Forest
120	Typical habitat	16	Lodgepole Forest
120	Typical habitat	17	Subalpine Forest
120	Typical habitat	18	Bristle-cone Pine Forest
120	Typical habitat	19	Mixed Evergreen Forest
120	Typical habitat	20	Northern Oak Woodland
120	Typical habitat	21	Southern Oak Woodland
120	Typical habitat	22	Foothill Woodland
120	Typical habitat	23	Chaparral
120	Typical habitat	24	Coastal Prairie
120	Typical habitat	25	Valley Grassland
120	Typical habitat	26	Alpine Fell-field
120	Typical habitat	27	Northern Juniper Woodland
120	Typical habitat	28	Pinyon-Juniper Woodland
120	Typical habitat	29	Joshua Tree Woodland
125	Rabinowitz rarity: geographic	1	wide
125	Rabinowitz rarity: geographic	2	narrow
126	Rabinowitz rarity: habitat specificity	1	broad
126	Rabinowitz rarity: habitat specificity	2	restricted
127	Rabinowitz rarity: local abundance	1	somewhere large
127	Rabinowitz rarity: local abundance	2	everywhere small
128	Fed rarity status	1	Threatened
128	Fed rarity status	2	Endangered
128	Fed rarity status	3	Without federal rarity status
129	CA rarity status	1	Threatened
129	CA rarity status	2	Endangered
129	CA rarity status	3	Without CA state rarity status
130	CA nativity	1	native plants
130	CA nativity	2	alien plants
130	CA nativity	3	casual alien plants
130	CA nativity	4	naturalized plants
130	CA nativity	5	invasive plants
130	CA nativity	6	transformers
130	CA nativity	7	weeds
131	Native range	1	CA
131	Native range	2	WNA
131	Native range	3	ENA
131	Native range	4	Mexico and CAm
131	Native range	5	South America
131	Native range	6	Central Chile med region
131	Native range	6	Europe
131	Native range	7	Meditteranean Basin
131	Native range	8	Africa north of Sahara
131	Native range	9	Africa south of Sahara
131	Native range	10	South Africa cape region
131	Native range	11	Central Asia
131	Native range	12	Asia incl. temperate China
131	Native range	13	South-east Asia
131	Native range	14	Australia
131	Native range	15	Western Australia med region
131	Native range	16	Polynesia
134	CA endemicity	1	yes
134	CA endemicity	2	no
135	CFP endemicity	1	yes
135	CFP endemicity	2	no
136	endemic type	1	neoendemic
136	endemic type	2	paleoendemic

Last modified: 7/21/06, D. Ackerly