References from the California Lichen Catalog
- BRODO, I. M., & T. AHTI. 1996.
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Lichens and lichenicolous fungi of the Queen Charlotte Islands, British Columbia, Canada: 2. The Cladoniaceae.
Canadian Journal of Botany 74: 1147–1180.
- GOWARD, T. 1999.
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The Lichens of British Columbia. Part 2. Fruticose species. Special Report ser. 9.
British Columbia Ministry of Forests, Crown Publications Inc., Victoria, B. C., Canada.
Complete references section