| | 1. Fertile stamens 2; staminodes sometimes present |
| |
| | 2. Corolla 4-lobed, not 2-lipped; lobes subequal; fruit compressed, edge corky |
| LYCOPUS |
| | 2' Corolla evidently 2-lipped, lobes of upper lip very different from lobes of lower lip; fruit not compressed |
| |
| | 3. Fertile anther sacs 1 or 2, on thread-like appendage hinged or joined to filament tip; sterile anther sac reduced, modified, or 0 |
| SALVIA |
| | 3' Fertile anther sacs 2, attached to filament tip side by side |
| |
| | 4. Shrub, rounded to mound-like, generally 5–10 dm |
| POLIOMINTHA (no key) |
| | 4' Annual, perennial herb, or subshrub, generally < 5 dm |
| |
| | 5. Calyx ± radial, lobes subequal — eastern Desert Mountains |
| MONARDA (no key) |
| | 5' Calyx ± 2-lipped, lobes of upper and lower lips unequal |
| |
| | 6. Inflorescence bracts ± translucent, veins ± raised, margins spiny |
| ACANTHOMINTHA |
| | 6' Inflorescence bracts opaque, veins not raised, margins entire or hairy, not spiny |
| |
| | 7. Perennial or subshrub; inflorescences ± evenly spaced; calyx tube swollen below middle — eastern Desert Mountains |
| HEDEOMA |
| | 7' Annual; inflorescences densely clustered, ± terminal, head-like; calyx tube not swollen |
| POGOGYNE |
| | 1' Fertile stamens 4; staminodes 0 |
| |
| | 8. Corolla ± radial to slightly 2-lipped, lobes or lips equal in length |
| |
| | 9. Inflorescences 2+, axillary, generally subtended by 2 leaves or bracts, evenly spaced or together cylindric, spike- to panicle-like |
| MENTHA |
| | 9' Inflorescence generally 1, head-like, terminal, subtended by involucre-like whorl of bracts |
| MONARDELLA |
| | 8' Corolla clearly bilateral, generally 1–2-lipped, lobes and lips unequal |
| |
| | 10. Calyx obliquely funnel-shaped, flaring, margin 5–10-toothed; inflorescence subtended by 2 leaves and forked spines |
| MOLUCCELLA (no key) |
| | 10' Calyx cylindric to bell-shaped, lobes 2–10; inflorescence subtended by leaves or bracts |
| |
| | 11. Calyx 2-lobed, lobes lip-like, entire |
| |
| | 12. Shrub; calyx becoming bladder-like, 1–2 cm in fruit |
| SALAZARIA (no key) |
| | 12' Perennial from rhizomes; calyx not becoming bladder-like, generally < 1 cm in fruit — calyx back transversely ridged or with dome-like bump |
| SCUTELLARIA |
| | 11' Calyx 5- or 10-lobed, radial to 2-lipped (lips 2–3-lobed) |
| |
| | 13. Calyx 10-lobed, lobe tips recurved or hooked; stamens included in corolla tube |
| MARRUBIUM (no key) |
| | 13' Calyx 5-lobed, lobe tips straight; stamens exserted, hidden under upper lip to > corolla lobes |
| |
| | 14. Stamens reclining on lower corolla lip; lip pouched; twigs densely stellate-hairy — Sonoran Desert |
| HYPTIS (no key) |
| | 14' Stamens ascending under or ± parallel to and exceeding upper corolla lip; lip ± flat, not pouched; twigs glabrous to hairy, not stellate |
| |
| | 15. Inflorescence bracts ± translucent, margins spiny |
| ACANTHOMINTHA |
| | 15' Leaves or bracts subtending inflorescence opaque, margin glabrous to hairy |
| |
| | 16. Nutlets fused laterally below middle; corolla 1-lipped, lip entire, ± reflexed, > other 4 lobes or lip 5-lobed, ± straight |
| |
| | 17. Leaves crenate to deeply lobed; corolla lip 5-lobed, straight; fruit ± smooth, puberulent at top |
| TEUCRIUM |
| | 17' Leaves entire; corolla lip entire, ± reflexed; fruit irregularly ridged, puberulent to hairy throughout — stamens >> corolla lobes |
| TRICHOSTEMA |
| | 16' Nutlets separate to base; corolla 2-lipped, upper lip entire, notched, or lobed; lower lip 1–3-lobed |
| |
| |
| | 19. Corolla generally > 20 mm; upper corolla lip 4-lobed; calyx ± inflated in fruit |
| LEPECHINIA |
| | 19' Corolla < 15 mm; upper corolla lip 2-lobed; calyx not inflated in fruit |
| SATUREJA |
| | 18' Annual or perennial herb |
| |
| | 20. Inflorescences terminal, collectively ± dense, generally head-, spike-, or panicle-like, sometimes interrupted by 1–3 internodes below |
| |
| | 21. 2 or 4 stamens clearly exceeding corolla |
| AGASTACHE |
| | 21' Stamens ascending under upper lip, not clearly > lower corolla lobes |
| |
| | 22. Annual; inflorescence leaves and bracts = or > flowers — inflorescence leaves, bracts linear to narrowly oblanceolate |
| POGOGYNE |
| | 22' Perennial (except Stachys arvensis); inflorescence leaves or bracts generally < flowers |
| |
| | 23. Calyx 2-lipped, upper lip 3-toothed, lower lip 2-lobed, acuminate |
| PRUNELLA (no key) |
| | 23' Calyx ± radial, 5-lobed, lobes ± equal |
| |
| | 24. Inflorescence bracts white to purple, persistent; calyx < 2 mm, throat densely white-short-hairy inside |
| ORIGANUM (no key) |
| | 24' Inflorescence bracts green, withering; calyx > 4 mm, throat glabrous to sparsely hairy inside |
| |
| | 25. Calyx tube ± 15-veined; upper 2 stamens > lower 2 |
| NEPETA (no key) |
| | 25' Calyx tube 5–10-veined; upper 2 stamens < lower 2 |
| STACHYS |
| | 20' Inflorescences axillary, generally separated by evident internodes subtended by bracts or leaves |
| |
| | 26. Annual; nutlets 3-angled, top truncate |
| LAMIUM |
| | 26' Perennial; nutlets smooth, ovoid to ± round in X-section, top ± rounded |
| |
| | 27. Inflorescences head-like, flowers many; calyx lobe tip densely white-short-hairy |
| PYCNANTHEMUM (no key) |
| | 27' Inflorescences not head-like, flowers 1–12; calyx lobe tip glabrous to sparsely hairy |
| |
| | 28. Stems generally prostrate to decumbent |
| |
| | 29. Leaf blade round to reniform, base lobed; corolla 8–25 mm |
| GLECHOMA (no key) |
| | 29' Leaf blade ovate to broadly triangular, base obtuse to rounded; corolla 3–8 mm |
| Satureja douglasii |
| |
| | 30. Most inflorescences (except lowest) subtended by bracts or much reduced leaves |
| STACHYS |
| | 30' Most inflorescences subtended by leaves |
| |
| | 31. Calyx 7–9 mm; corolla light yellow, tube curved upward |
| MELISSA (no key) |
| | 31' Calyx 14–17 mm; corolla salmon, tube straight |
| Satureja mimuloides
|