The Jepson Manual: Higher Plants of California

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  • Up-to-date information about California vascular plants is available from the Jepson eFlora.

Names are linked to treatments from the Manual


Key to ERYSIMUM

N.B.: couplets are linked, e.g., 1. is linked to 1'.

  1. Annual (rarely biennial); petal < 10 mm, < 3 mm wide
 
    2. Pedicel < fruit in width, 1/3–1/2 as long; fruit ascending, generally 1–4 cm; basal leaves entire to shallowly toothed
E. cheiranthoides
    2' Pedicel ± = fruit in width, < 1/10 as long; fruit stiffly spreading, 4–10 cm; basal leaves deeply toothed
E. repandum
  1' Biennial to subshrub; petal > 10 mm, > 3 mm wide
 
    3. Stigma lobes longer than wide; sepal purplish, base green; leaf 6–20 mm wide, generally entire with acute tip; alien
E. cheiri
    3' Stigma lobes ± as long as wide; sepal greenish or purplish (not purplish with green base); leaf < 6 mm wide if entire with acute tip; native
 
      4. Leaf very narrowly linear, < 3 mm wide, finely toothed; herbage dull purplish; inland sand, sw San Francisco Bay Area
E. teretifolium
      4' Leaf linear-lanceolate or wider, generally > 3 mm wide, entire to coarsely toothed; herbage generally not purplish; widespread
 
        5. Plant generally much-branched below inflorescence; caudex elongate, woody; elongate non-flower stems present; coastal
 
          6. Leaf generally coarsely toothed; fruit generally flattened parallel to septum; seed winged at tip and along 1 or both sides; North Coast, nw Central Western California
2 E. franciscanum
          6' Leaf ± entire; fruit generally 4-sided or flattened perpendicular to septum; seed wing 0 or at tip; s California
E. insulare
            7. Fruit flattened perpendicular to septum; n Channel Islands
subsp. insulare
            7' Fruit generally ± 4-sided (slightly flattened); generally dunes, s Central Coast, n South Coast
subsp. suffrutescens
        5' Plant generally not much-branched below inflorescence; caudex generally not elongate, generally not woody; elongate non-flower stems 0; coastal or inland
 
          8. Immature fruit slightly fleshy, mature fruit ± 4-sided or barely flattened; seed wing 0 or at tip; generally inland
E. capitatum
            9. Basal leaves ± spoon-shaped, tip obtuse; fruit narrowed between seeds; style generally > 2 mm; petals yellow — Klamath Ranges, High Cascade Range, High Sierra Nevada
E. capitatum var. perenne
            9' Basal leaves generally (ob)lanceolate, tip generally acute; fruit generally not narrowed between seeds; style often < 2 mm; petals orange to yellow
 
              10. Caudex generally short; lower leaves often < 10 cm, (ob)lanceolate
E. capitatum var. capitatum
              10' Caudex generally elongate; lower leaves generally > 10 cm, narrowly lanceolate
 
                11. Fruit stiffly ascending, ± 4-sided, ± straight; ne Central Coast
E. capitatum var. angustatum
                11' Fruit spreading, ± flattened, generally irregularly curved; s Outer South Coast Ranges
E. capitatum var. lompocense
          8' Immature fruit sometimes very fleshy, mature fruit flattened; seed wing at tip and along 1 or both sides; coastal
 
            12. Basal leaves narrowly (ob)lanceolate, generally > 10 × longer than wide
 
              13. Leaf entire or slightly toothed; fruit spreading to ascending; style generally < 1 mm in fruit; petals rich yellow; dunes
E. ammophilum
              13' Leaf generally coarsely toothed; fruit generally strongly ascending (spreading); style generally > 1 mm in fruit; petals cream-colored to yellow; generally on rocks
2 E. franciscanum
            12' Basal leaves ± spoon-shaped, ± 5 × longer than wide
E. menziesii
              14. Lower fruits generally erect, pedicels generally > 10 mm; petals cream-colored to yellow; generally headlands, cliffs
subsp. concinnum
              14' Lower fruits spreading, pedicels generally < 10 mm; petals yellow; foredunes
 
                15. Often per (caudex branched), flowers summer — c Central Coast
subsp. yadonii
                15' Biennial, flowers generally winter or spring
 
                  16. Leaf not very fleshy; pedicel (5)9–15 mm; longest fruits generally > 8 cm; n North Coast
subsp. eurekense
                  16' Leaf fleshy; pedicel 3–9(13) mm; longest fruits generally < 8 cm; c North Coast, c Central Coast
subsp. menziesii


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