| 1. Annual (rarely biennial); petal < 10 mm, < 3 mm wide |
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| 2. Pedicel < fruit in width, 1/31/2 as long; fruit ascending, generally 14 cm; basal leaves entire to shallowly toothed |
| E. cheiranthoides |
| 2' Pedicel ± = fruit in width, < 1/10 as long; fruit stiffly spreading, 410 cm; basal leaves deeply toothed |
| E. repandum |
| 1' Biennial to subshrub; petal > 10 mm, > 3 mm wide |
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| 3. Stigma lobes longer than wide; sepal purplish, base green; leaf 620 mm wide, generally entire with acute tip; alien |
| E. cheiri |
| 3' Stigma lobes ± as long as wide; sepal greenish or purplish (not purplish with green base); leaf < 6 mm wide if entire with acute tip; native |
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| 4. Leaf very narrowly linear, < 3 mm wide, finely toothed; herbage dull purplish; inland sand, sw San Francisco Bay Area |
| E. teretifolium |
| 4' Leaf linear-lanceolate or wider, generally > 3 mm wide, entire to coarsely toothed; herbage generally not purplish; widespread |
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| 5. Plant generally much-branched below inflorescence; caudex elongate, woody; elongate non-flower stems present; coastal |
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| 6. Leaf generally coarsely toothed; fruit generally flattened parallel to septum; seed winged at tip and along 1 or both sides; North Coast, nw Central Western California |
| 2 E. franciscanum |
| 6' Leaf ± entire; fruit generally 4-sided or flattened perpendicular to septum; seed wing 0 or at tip; s California |
| E. insulare |
| 7. Fruit flattened perpendicular to septum; n Channel Islands |
| subsp. insulare |
| 7' Fruit generally ± 4-sided (slightly flattened); generally dunes, s Central Coast, n South Coast |
| subsp. suffrutescens |
| 5' Plant generally not much-branched below inflorescence; caudex generally not elongate, generally not woody; elongate non-flower stems 0; coastal or inland |
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| 8. Immature fruit slightly fleshy, mature fruit ± 4-sided or barely flattened; seed wing 0 or at tip; generally inland |
| E. capitatum |
| 9. Basal leaves ± spoon-shaped, tip obtuse; fruit narrowed between seeds; style generally > 2 mm; petals yellow Klamath Ranges, High Cascade Range, High Sierra Nevada |
| E. capitatum var. perenne |
| 9' Basal leaves generally (ob)lanceolate, tip generally acute; fruit generally not narrowed between seeds; style often < 2 mm; petals orange to yellow |
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| 10. Caudex generally short; lower leaves often < 10 cm, (ob)lanceolate |
| E. capitatum var. capitatum |
| 10' Caudex generally elongate; lower leaves generally > 10 cm, narrowly lanceolate |
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| 11. Fruit stiffly ascending, ± 4-sided, ± straight; ne Central Coast |
| E. capitatum var. angustatum |
| 11' Fruit spreading, ± flattened, generally irregularly curved; s Outer South Coast Ranges |
| E. capitatum var. lompocense |
| 8' Immature fruit sometimes very fleshy, mature fruit flattened; seed wing at tip and along 1 or both sides; coastal |
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| 12. Basal leaves narrowly (ob)lanceolate, generally > 10 × longer than wide |
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| 13. Leaf entire or slightly toothed; fruit spreading to ascending; style generally < 1 mm in fruit; petals rich yellow; dunes |
| E. ammophilum |
| 13' Leaf generally coarsely toothed; fruit generally strongly ascending (spreading); style generally > 1 mm in fruit; petals cream-colored to yellow; generally on rocks |
| 2 E. franciscanum |
| 12' Basal leaves ± spoon-shaped, ± 5 × longer than wide |
| E. menziesii |
| 14. Lower fruits generally erect, pedicels generally > 10 mm; petals cream-colored to yellow; generally headlands, cliffs |
| subsp. concinnum |
| 14' Lower fruits spreading, pedicels generally < 10 mm; petals yellow; foredunes |
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| 15. Often per (caudex branched), flowers summer c Central Coast |
| subsp. yadonii |
| 15' Biennial, flowers generally winter or spring |
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| 16. Leaf not very fleshy; pedicel (5)915 mm; longest fruits generally > 8 cm; n North Coast |
| subsp. eurekense |
| 16' Leaf fleshy; pedicel 39(13) mm; longest fruits generally < 8 cm; c North Coast, c Central Coast |
| subsp. menziesii
|