| | 1. Bractlets attached > 1 mm below calyx and not concealing it, < 4 mm wide or variously toothed or lobed or leaf-shaped |
| |
| | 2. Plant glabrous throughout |
| |
| | 3. Bractlets elliptic to widely elliptic-oblong, entire |
| C. peirsonii |
| | 3' Bractlets linear, entire or with basal lobes |
| |
| | 4. Stem ± stiffly erect or intertwining; subshrub; leaf linear to narrowly triangular, entire or lobes ± linear with 1 tip, sinus rounded |
| C. longipes |
| | 4' Stem strongly climbing; vine; leaf triangular to reniform, lobes wide, truncate or with 2 tips, sinus V-shaped or nearly closed |
| C. purpurata |
| | 5. Stem climbing < 7 m; leaf triangular, tip acute, sinus V-shaped, bractlets rarely lobed |
| subsp. purpurata |
| | 5' Stem trailing or weakly climbing; leaf ovate-triangular to reniform, tip generally rounded to notched, sinus almost closed; bractlets generally with small lobes |
| subsp. saxicola |
| | 2' Plant puberulent to tomentose at least around leaf sinus or at top of peduncle |
| |
| | 6. Bractlets entire, not leaf-shaped, ± sessile |
| C. occidentalis subsp. occidentalis |
| | 6' Bractlets toothed or lobed or leaf-shaped, petioled |
| |
| | 7. Leaf lobes 7–9, linear, finger-like |
| C. stebbinsii |
| | 7' Leaf ± entire or lobes 2, not linear nor finger-like |
| |
| | 8. Leaf blade widely triangular to ± reniform, tip acute to acuminate, lobes 2-tipped; hairs ± shaggy |
| C. malacophylla subsp. malacophylla |
| | 8' Leaf blade generally narrowly triangular, tip ± acute, lobes 1-tipped; puberulent or hairs fine |
| C. occidentalis subsp. fulcrata |
| | 1' Bractlets attached just below calyx and ± concealing it, often > 4 mm wide, not lobed or leaf-shaped |
| |
| |
| C. collina subsp. tridactylosa |
| | 10' Plant glabrous or minutely appressed-hairy |
| |
| | 11. Leaf blade narrowly triangular, lobes 1/2 blade length, ± abruptly spreading and curved backward |
| C. peirsonii |
| | 11' Leaf blade triangular-hastate to reniform |
| |
| | 12. Bractlets ± obtuse; plant glabrous |
| 2 C. atriplicifolia subsp. buttensis |
| | 12' Bractlets acute; plant generally minutely appressed-hairy |
| 2 C. subacaulis subsp. episcopalis |
| |
| | 13. Plant strongly climbing, stem > 1 m |
| |
| | 14. Plant from rhizomes, stem not woody; peduncle 1-flowered; marshes, river banks |
| C. sepium |
| | 15. Bractlets < sepals; corolla ± 40 mm |
| subsp. binghamiae |
| | 15' Bractlets generally > sepals; corolla 35–70 mm |
| subsp. limnophila |
| | 14' Plant from woody caudex, lower stem often woody; peduncle often > 1-flowered; generally dry places |
| C. macrostegia |
| | 16. Bractlets 16–30 mm wide, strongly keeled to ± sac-like at base |
| |
| | 17. Bractlets 19–37 mm; calyx 16–25 mm; corolla 47–68 mm; stamens 23–35 mm; s Channel Islands |
| subsp. amplissima |
| | 17' Bractlets 13–26 mm; calyx 10–22 mm; corolla 36–60 mm; stamens 17–26 mm; n Channel Islands |
| subsp. macrostegia |
| | 16' Bractlets 4–16 mm wide, flat or slightly keeled |
| |
| subsp. cyclostegia |
| |
| | 19. Leaf densely short-hairy |
| subsp. arida |
| | 19' Leaf glabrous to puberulent |
| |
| | 20. Leaf blade triangular, > 7 mm wide |
| subsp. intermedia |
| | 20' Leaf blade ± linear, < 7 mm wide |
| subsp. tenuifolia |
| | 13' Plant not or only weakly climbing, stem < 1 m |
| |
| | 21. Plant glabrous or sparsely appressed-puberulent; leaf triangular-hastate to reniform |
| |
| | 22. Corolla deep pink or purplish; leaf reniform, glabrous, slightly fleshy; ocean beaches, dunes |
| C. soldanella |
| | 22' Corolla white or yellowish, rarely pink-tinged; leaf various; inland |
| |
| | 23. Bractlets acute; plant generally minutely appressed-hairy |
| 2 C. subacaulis subsp. episcopalis |
| | 23' Bractlets obtuse; plant glabrous |
| 2 C. atriplicifolia subsp. buttensis |
| | 21' Plant with dense, spreading hairs or leaf not triangular-hastate to reniform |
| |
| | 24. Stem well developed, < 100 cm, without basal rosette of leaves |
| |
| | 25. Plant finely tomentose; leaf margin wavy |
| 2 C. collina subsp. venusta |
| | 25' Plant tomentose to shaggy-hairy; leaf margin not wavy |
| C. malacophylla |
| | 26. Leaf widely triangular to ± reniform, lobes generally each 2-tipped, leaf tip generally obtuse to notched; hairs generally brown or golden-brown; Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada |
| subsp. malacophylla |
| | 26' Leaf ± narrowly triangular, lobes generally 1-tipped (2nd tip 0 or poorly developed), leaf tip generally acute; hairs generally grayish; San Francisco Bay Area, South Coast Ranges, Western Transverse Ranges |
| subsp. pedicellata |
| | 24' Stem poorly developed, < 15 cm, < or = basal rosette of leaves |
| |
| | 27. Hairs sparse to moderately dense, short, irregular, spreading; leaf margin not or barely wavy |
| C. subacaulis subsp. subacaulis |
| | 27' Hairs dense, short to long, matted; leaf margin wavy |
| C. collina |
| | 28. Sepals finely tomentose |
| subsp. venusta |
| | 28' Sepals glabrous or strigose along center |
| |
| | 29. Leaf tip obtuse, lobes generally indistinct, blade triangular to reniform |
| subsp. collina |
| | 29' Leaf tip acute, lobes clearly defined, blade triangular |
| subsp. oxyphylla
|