TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual, perennial herb, shrubs
Stems generally several from base
Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, sessile or petioled
Inflorescence: heads radiate or discoid, solitary or in few-headed, terminal cymes; peduncles long or short; involucre hemispheric or bell-shaped; phyllaries in several series, equal to very unequal; receptacle rounded to conic, chaffy; chaff scales entire or 3-lobed, folded around fruits
Ray flowers 0many, sterile; corolla yellow; ligules entire to 3-lobed
Disk flowers many; corollas yellow or orange; anther tips triangular; style tips triangular
Fruit ± flattened, obovate, glabrous or ± hairy; pappus of scales, generally 1 or more lanceolate
Species in genus: ± 150 species: New World
Etymology: (L.G.A. Viguier, 17901867, French physician, botanist)
Reference: [Shilling 1990 Madroño 37:149170]
Native |
Shrub < 2 m diam, short-rough-hairy throughout
Stem 613 dm, much-branched
Leaves opposite below, alternate above; petiole 28 mm; blade generally 13.5 cm, triangular-ovate, 3-veined from obtuse to truncate or subcordate base, tip obtuse to acute, entire or teeth few, short, surfaces green to lightly canescent
Inflorescence: heads solitary or in open, few-headed cymes; peduncles 315 cm, slender, bracts 0 or few and leaf-like; heads radiate; involucre 1013 mm diam, hemispheric or appearing disk-like when pressed; phyllaries in 23 equal or unequal series, 39 mm, lance-oblong, tips abruptly narrowed, surface green to canescent; chaff scales 56 mm
Ray flowers 815; ligules 11.5 cm
Disk flowers: corollas 3.55 mm
Fruit 2.73.8 mm; pappus of 2 fringed scales (each 0.51 mm) and 23 lanceolate scales (each 23 mm)
Chromosomes: 2n=36
Ecology: Common. Washes, dry, rocky slopes
Elevation: < 1500 m.
Bioregional distribution: Desert
Distribution outside California: Arizona, Nevada, nw Mexico
Flowering time: FebJun, SepOct
Synonyms: V. deltoidea A. Gray var. p. (Greene) Vasey & Rose
Horticultural information: DRN: 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24 &DRY, SUN: 15, 16, 17; continued flowers and leaves with IRR; GRCVR; also STBL.