TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
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Annual to subshrub
Leaves generally basal and cauline, alternate, generally simple; stipules 0
Inflorescence: generally raceme
Flower bisexual; sepals 4, free; petals (0)4, free, generally white or yellow, often clawed; stamens generally (2,4)6, generally 4 long, 2 short; ovary 1, superior, chambers generally 2, septum membranous, connecting 2 parietal placentas, style 1, stigma simple or 2-lobed
Fruit: generally capsule ("silique") with 2 deciduous valves, sometimes breaking transversely or indehiscent
Seeds 1many per chamber
Genera in family: 300+ genera, 3000+ species: worldwide, especially cool regions; some cultivated for food (especially Brassica, Raphanus ) and ornamental
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to include Capparaceae [Rodman et al. 1993 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 80:686699; Rollins 1993 Cruciferae of Continental North America. Stanford Univ Press]
Family description, key to genera by Robert A. Price.STREPTANTHUS
JEWELFLOWER
Roy E. Buck, Dean W. Taylor, and Arthur R. Kruckeberg
Annual to perennial herb, glabrous to bristly, generally ± glaucous
Leaves ± entire to pinnately compound; basal generally rosetted, generally ± petioled; cauline linear to (ob)ovate, often clasping
Inflorescence generally ± open; bracts generally 0
Flower biradial or bilateral; calyx generally ± urn-shaped, sepals erect, generally not green, bases ± pouch-like, generally keeled; petals generally exserted, blade generally narrower than claw, ± channeled, margins ± wavy, generally ± scarious; stamens generally in 3 free pairs; style 0 or short, stigma generally ± entire, blunt
Fruit long, generally strongly compressed parallel to septum
Seeds generally compressed, generally ± winged
Species in genus: ± 40 species: sw US, n Mex
Etymology: (Greek: twisted flower, from wavy-margined petals)
Reference: [Dolan & LaPré 1989 Madroño 36:3340; Kruckeberg & Morrison 1983 Madroño 30:230244]
Caulanthus sometimes including here. Calluses on leaf margins of some mimic pierid butterfly eggs, reducing larval herbivory. Variable, complex; needs study.
Native S. cordatus Nutt.
Perennial 210 dm, generally simple, glabrous
Leaves: basal widely obovate, toothed above middle, teeth often bristly, petioles = leaves, often ciliate; cauline few-toothed to entire, generally acute
Flower: calyx biradial, sepals 813 mm, yellowish green in bud becoming purple in flower, tips generally bristly; petals exserted, 1014 mm, linear, purple; stamens free, equal; stigma 2-lobed
Fruit ascending to ± erect, 510 cm, 2.56 mm wide, straight
Chromosomes: n=12
Ecology: Rocky or sandy sagebrush scrub, pinyon/juniper woodland, ponderosa-pine forest
Elevation: 12003100 m.
Bioregional distribution: e High Cascade Range, s High Sierra Nevada, Great Basin Floristic Province, Desert Mountains
Distribution outside California: to se Oregon, Wyoming, n New Mexico
Native var. cordatus
Plant 26 dm
Leaves: upper cauline widely ovate, acute to obtuse, clasping
Fruit 58 cm, 46 mm wide
Ecology: Common. Rocky or sandy sagebrush scrub or pinyon/juniper woodland
Elevation: 14002800 m.
Bioregional distribution: e High Cascade Range, Modoc Plateau, n East of Sierra Nevada, e Desert Mountains
Distribution outside California: to se Oregon, Wyoming, n New Mexico
Horticultural information: TRY; DFCLT.
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