TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Annual to subshrub
Leaves generally basal and cauline, alternate, generally simple; stipules 0
Inflorescence: generally raceme
Flower bisexual; sepals 4, free; petals (0)4, free, generally white or yellow, often clawed; stamens generally (2,4)6, generally 4 long, 2 short; ovary 1, superior, chambers generally 2, septum membranous, connecting 2 parietal placentas, style 1, stigma simple or 2-lobed
Fruit: generally capsule ("silique") with 2 deciduous valves, sometimes breaking transversely or indehiscent
Seeds 1many per chamber
Genera in family: 300+ genera, 3000+ species: worldwide, especially cool regions; some cultivated for food (especially Brassica, Raphanus ) and ornamental
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to include Capparaceae [Rodman et al. 1993 Ann Missouri Bot Gard 80:686699; Rollins 1993 Cruciferae of Continental North America. Stanford Univ Press]
Family description, key to genera by Robert A. Price.STREPTANTHUS
JEWELFLOWER
Roy E. Buck, Dean W. Taylor, and Arthur R. Kruckeberg
Annual to perennial herb, glabrous to bristly, generally ± glaucous
Leaves ± entire to pinnately compound; basal generally rosetted, generally ± petioled; cauline linear to (ob)ovate, often clasping
Inflorescence generally ± open; bracts generally 0
Flower biradial or bilateral; calyx generally ± urn-shaped, sepals erect, generally not green, bases ± pouch-like, generally keeled; petals generally exserted, blade generally narrower than claw, ± channeled, margins ± wavy, generally ± scarious; stamens generally in 3 free pairs; style 0 or short, stigma generally ± entire, blunt
Fruit long, generally strongly compressed parallel to septum
Seeds generally compressed, generally ± winged
Species in genus: ± 40 species: sw US, n Mex
Etymology: (Greek: twisted flower, from wavy-margined petals)
Reference: [Dolan & LaPré 1989 Madroño 36:3340; Kruckeberg & Morrison 1983 Madroño 30:230244]
Caulanthus sometimes including here. Calluses on leaf margins of some mimic pierid butterfly eggs, reducing larval herbivory. Variable, complex; needs study.
Native S. brachiatus F.W. Hoffm.
Biennial 26 dm, generally branched below
Leaves: basal oblanceolate, toothed above middle, fleshy, blades 1.54 cm, purple below, petiole short, winged; lower cauline narrowly ovate, serrate, short-petioled, upper lanceolate
Flower: calyx biradial, sepals 69 mm, yellow to light purple; petals 79 mm, upper white or purple-veined, lower ± light purple; longest filament pair fused, anthers reduced, 2nd longest fused at very base
Fruit ascending, 57 cm, ± narrowed between seeds
Seed: wing weak, at tip
Chromosomes: 2n=28
Ecology: Serpentine barrens, open chaparral or woodland
Elevation: 600900 m.
Bioregional distribution: s Inner North Coast Ranges.
Native subsp. brachiatus
SOCRATES MINE JEWELFLOWER
Plant 24 dm
Flower: calyx glabrous, light purple
Ecology: Habitats of sp
Elevation:
Bioregional distribution: sw Inner North Coast Ranges (Mayacamas Mtns, Sonoma Co.)
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