TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5many, pistils (0)1many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 15
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 15
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303332,344401,611662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.
Perennial to shrub, often bramble-forming, often prickly, prostrate or clambering to erect
Leaves generally palmately lobed to compound; leaflets often stalked, toothed
Inflorescence various
Flower: hypanthium shallow; bractlets 0; sepals 5, generally reflexed, tips generally linear; petals 5; stamens generally > 20; pistils fewmany, ovaries superior, jointed to slender to club-shaped styles
Fruit: aggregate of sweet, fleshy-coated achenes (drupelets) that generally separate jointly from receptacle (raspberry-like) or separate jointly with part of fleshy receptacle (blackberry-like)
Species in genus: 200700 species: worldwide, especially n temp, Andes
Etymology: (Latin: ancient name for bramble)
Coastal forms often have smaller, hairier, rounder leaves; hybrids and other escapes from cultivated expected.
Native |
Plant ± erect, woody, ± thicket-forming
Stem 315 mm diam, round; prickles (0) few, slender, ± straight
Leaf generally compound; stipules linear; petiole ± 19 cm; leaflets generally 3, ± ovate, shallowly lobed, irregularly toothed, green below; longest leaflet stalk ± 530(50) mm; longest leaflet blade ± 310(17) cm
Inflorescence 12(4)-flowered, nonglandular
Flower: sepal tips < 2 mm; petals 1015 mm, obovate-elliptic, ± red; pistils generally > 15
Fruit ± raspberry-like, ± ovoid, yellow to red, glabrous
Chromosomes: n=7
Ecology: Moist places, especially streamsides
Elevation: < 1400 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast, nw Klamath Ranges, n Outer North Coast Ranges, n Central Coast, w San Francisco Bay Area
Distribution outside California: to Alaska
Hairier coastal plants have been called var. franciscanus (Rydb.) J.T. Howell
Horticultural information: IRR: 4, 5 &SHD: 6, 7, 15, 16, 17; CVS; STBL; may be INV.