TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Shrub, vine, tree, generally erect, often thorny
Leaves simple, generally alternate, often clustered on short-shoots, generally petioled, generally stipuled; blade often 13-ribbed from base
Inflorescence: cyme, panicle, or flowers solitary in axils
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium subtending, surrounding, or partly fused to ovary; sepals 4 or 5; petals 0, 4, or 5, clawed; stamens 4 or 5, alternate sepals, attached to hypanthium top, each generally fitting into a petal concavity; ovary superior or partly inferior, chambers 25, each 12-ovuled, style lobes or parts 13
Fruit: capsule, drupe
Genera in family: 55 genera, 900 species: especially tropical, subtropical; some cultivated (Ceanothus ; Colletia , anchor-plant; Gouania ; Phylica ; Rhamnus ; Ventilago ; Ziziphus )
Reference: [Brizicky 1965 J Arnold Arbor 45:439463]
Shrub, small tree
Stem: branches alternate, flexible; twigs sometimes thorn-tipped
Leaves sometimes clustered on short-shoots, deciduous or evergreen, petioled; stipules deciduous; blade 1-ribbed from base, entire or not
Inflorescence: umbel or flowers solitary, axillary
Flower bisexual or unisexual, generally < 3 mm; hypanthium at base fused to, developing around ovary in fruit, above base deciduous; sepals 4 or 5; petals 0, 4, or 5; stamens 4 or 5; ovary appearing partly inferior, chambers 24, each 12-ovuled, style lobes 24
Fruit: drupe, 24-stoned
Species in genus: 125 species: temp, few tropical
Etymology: (Greek: name for plants of this genus)
Reference: [Wolf 1938 Rancho Santa Ana Bot Gard Monogr 1]
Some of value in medicine or as dyes.
Native |
Shrub < 4 m
Stem: bark gray; branches ascending, stiff; twigs glabrous to densely hairy; terminal bud scales 3 mm
Leaves evergreen; petiole 210 mm; blade 2040 mm, ovate to round, thick, base and tip rounded, margin spiny, surfaces glabrous or hairy, lower concave, veins not prominent
Inflorescence 16-flowered; pedicels 24 mm
Flower unisexual; hypanthium 2 mm; sepals 4; petals 0; style exserted
Fruit 2-stoned, 8 mm, red
Chromosomes: 2n=24
Ecology: Chaparral, montane forests
Elevation: < 2000 m.
Bioregional distribution: California Floristic Province, Desert Mountains
Distribution outside California: Arizona, Baja California
Flowering time: MarJun
Synonyms: R. crocea subsp. i. (Kellogg) C. Wolf
Horticultural information: DRN, DRY: 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 20, 21, 22, 23 &SHD: 18, 19.