TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves generally cauline, generally simple, generally alternate, petioled or not; stipules 0
Inflorescence: panicle, raceme, spike, or flowers solitary in axils, generally open; bracts leaf-like or not
Flower: bisexual, radial or bilateral, sometimes inverted (pedicel twisted 180°; hypanthium generally present, ± fused to ovary; sepals generally 5; corolla radial to 2-lipped, generally fused (tube sometimes split down back), lobes generally 5; stamens 5, free or ± fused (anthers and filaments fused into tube or filaments fused above middle); ovary inferior, sometimes half inferior, chambers 13, placentas axile or parietal, ovules many, style generally 1, 25-branched
Fruit: generally capsule, dehiscing on sides or at tip by pores or short valves
Seeds many
Genera in family: ± 70 genera, ± 2000 species: worldwide. Some cultivated for ornamental (Campanula, Jasione, Lobelia ). Subfamilies sometimes treated as different families.
Annual; roots fibrous
Stems erect or spreading, simple or branched at base or below middle
Leaves basal; petiole short or 0
Inflorescence ± raceme-like; bract 1 per flower, small; pedicel generally thread-like
Flower inverted; sepals linear to triangular; corolla nearly radial and 5-lobed or 2-lipped (upper lip 3-lobed, lower lip 2-lobed); filaments free at base, fused into tube above, sometimes appendaged at tube base, anthers free, all alike; ovary generally half-inferior in fruit, sometimes 0, hemispheric to obconic, sometimes glandular, stigma 2-lobed, papillate
Fruit generally > hypanthium, hemispheric to fusiform; tip pointed or rounded, dehiscing at tip by 2 valves; chambers 2
Seed elliptic to oblong
Species in genus: 13 species: sw US, nw Mex
Etymology: (Greek: thread-like branch)
Reference: [McVaugh 1942 N Amer Flora 32A: 1134]
Native |
Stems erect, 521 cm; base brownish or purplish
Leaf 312 mm, oblanceolate to ovate or oblong, narrowed to a winged petiole, entire to finely crenate, hairy
Inflorescence: axis ± zigzag; bracts 24 mm, elliptic to ovate; pedicels 623 mm, 0.1 mm diam, ascending, S-curved, tip abruptly curved
Flower: hypanthium ± 0; sepals ± 1 mm, elliptic, erect; corolla 38 mm, divided < 1/2 to base, white, tube cylindric, lobes erect, upper lip puberulent, lower lip glabrous; filament tube 27.5 mm, tip abruptly curved, fine-hairy, anthers 0.20.6 mm diam; ovary superior in fruit
Fruit ± 2.55 mm, fusiform (base and tip acute)
Seed 0.20.5 mm, widely elliptic to ± round; surface with obscure, lengthwise, wavy ridges
Ecology: Sandy or gravelly slopes and washes
Elevation: 3002400 m.
Bioregional distribution: s High Sierra Nevada, South Coast Ranges, South Coast, San Gabriel Mountains, San Bernardino Mountains, Peninsular Ranges, sw Desert Mountains (Little San Bernardino Mtns)
Distribution outside California: Baja California