| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, vine
Leaves simple or compound, cauline (or most in basal rosette), alternate or opposite; stipules 0
Inflorescence: cymes, heads, or flowers solitary
Flower: calyx generally 5-ribbed, ribs often connected by translucent membranes that are generally torn by growing fruit; corolla generally 5-lobed, radial or bilateral, salverform to bell-shaped, throat often well defined; stamens generally 5, epipetalous, attached at same or different levels, filaments of same or different lengths, pollen white, yellow, blue, or red; ovary superior, chambers generally 3, style 1, stigmas generally 3
Fruit: capsule
Seeds 1–many, gelatinous or not when wet
Genera in family: 19 genera, 320 species: Am, n Eur, n Asia; some cultivated (Cantua, Cobaea (cup-and-saucer vine), Collomia, Gilia, Ipomopsis, Linanthus, Phlox )
Recent taxonomic note: *See also revised taxonomy of Porter and Johnson 2000 Aliso 19(1):55–91; Porter 1998 Aliso 17:83–85
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Annual, generally erect; branches spreading or ascending, hairy, glandular or puberulent
Leaves simple, alternate, generally deeply pinnately lobed or entire
Inflorescence: head; bracts pinnately to palmately toothed or lobed, spine-tipped; flowers sessile or subsessile
Flower: calyx membranous between ribs, lobes 4–5, entire or toothed, unequal, spine-tipped; corolla lobes 4–5; stigmas 2 or 3
Fruit generally ovoid, chambers 1–3
Seeds 1–many per chamber, free or stuck together, brown, gelatinous when wet
Species in genus: ± 30 species: w North America, also in Argentina, Chile
Etymology: (F. Navarrete, Spanish physician, 1700's)
| Native |
Stem 2–10 cm; branches paired or whorled, 2–5 below heads, spreading, slender, brown or purple, puberulent or hairy
Leaves: basal thread-like, glabrous, entire; cauline pinnate, lobes thread-like, abruptly pointed
Inflorescence: bracts and calyces white-hairy at middle, outer bracts palmate, middle lobe > lateral
Flower: corolla included or exserted, lobes < 2 mm; stamens, style included; stigmas 3, minute
Fruit 2–4 mm, dehiscing from tip to base
Ecology: Common. Open, gravelly (often volcanic) areas
Elevation: 300–2600 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, s Outer South Coast Ranges (Santa Barbara Co.), Modoc Plateau
Distribution outside California: to Washington, Idaho
| Native |
Inflorescence: longest bracts 5–10 mm, bract tips generally glabrous
Flower: corolla 4–5 mm, < or = calyx, white with throat yellow, lobes pink-tipped (corolla rarely purple)
Seeds 1–3 per chamber
Ecology: Habitat and range of sp
Elevation:
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, s Outer South Coast Ranges (Santa Barbara Co.), Modoc Plateau