TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
previous taxon |
next taxon
Jepson Interchange (more information) |
|
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual or perennial herb, generally densely glandular, aromatic
Stems 1several, generally simple below, ± branched above
Leaves generally opposite below, alternate above, generally linear to lanceolate, entire to slightly toothed
Inflorescence: heads generally radiate, generally peduncled, fewmany; phyllaries generally 120, free, enclosing (and falling with) ray achenes; receptacle ± flat, generally glabrous; chaff scales generally ± fused, in ring between ray and disk flowers
Ray flowers generally 120, sometimes minute; ligules 23-lobed, generally yellow
Disk flowers 1many, sometimes staminate; corollas yellow or maroon; anther tips triangular-ovate; style tips linear to oblong, acute, bristly
Fruit club-shaped or obovoid; ray achenes compressed, thickened, or 3-angled (1 angle toward center of head), ridged, sometimes beaked; pappus 0 or of short scales; disk achenes ± symmetric; pappus 0 or of 410 scales or bristles
Species in genus: 21 species: w North America, sw South America
Recent taxonomic note: *See revised taxonomy of Baldwin 1999 Novon 9:462471.
Etymology: (Chilean name)
Reference: [Nelson & Nelson 1980 Brittonia 32:323325]
Native |
Annual 525 cm
Stems branched near base and above, flexible, bristly below, puberulent and minutely stalked-glandular above; glands ± black
Leaves 1.53 cm, mostly alternate, ± bristly, strigose to long-soft-hairy
Inflorescence: heads in open cymes or solitary, nodding in bud, especially in fruit; involucre 47 mm, ± hemispheric; phyllaries linear, acuminate, soft-hairy, glandular or not, tips not flat; receptacle glabrous; chaff scales weakly fused ± 1/2 length
Ray flowers 48; corolla tubes ± 1 mm, ligules 37 mm, bright yellow, base often reddish
Disk flowers 730, fertile; corollas 34 mm; anthers yellow
Fruit: ray achenes 2.74.1 mm, club-shaped, slightly curved, beak 0, pappus 0; disk achenes 2.34.5 mm, slightly club-shaped, expanded at base, hairy, pappus scales ± 10, 23.7 mm, lanceolate, long-acuminate, fringed
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: UNCOMMON. Rocky soils, chaparral, woodland
Elevation: 150950 m.
Bioregional distribution: s North Coast Ranges, n San Francisco Bay Area
Recent taxonomic note: *Harmonia nutans (Greene) B.G. Baldwin
Horticultural information: DRN, IRR Oct to May, SUN: 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.