TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual or perennial herb, generally densely glandular, aromatic
Stems 1several, generally simple below, ± branched above
Leaves generally opposite below, alternate above, generally linear to lanceolate, entire to slightly toothed
Inflorescence: heads generally radiate, generally peduncled, fewmany; phyllaries generally 120, free, enclosing (and falling with) ray achenes; receptacle ± flat, generally glabrous; chaff scales generally ± fused, in ring between ray and disk flowers
Ray flowers generally 120, sometimes minute; ligules 23-lobed, generally yellow
Disk flowers 1many, sometimes staminate; corollas yellow or maroon; anther tips triangular-ovate; style tips linear to oblong, acute, bristly
Fruit club-shaped or obovoid; ray achenes compressed, thickened, or 3-angled (1 angle toward center of head), ridged, sometimes beaked; pappus 0 or of short scales; disk achenes ± symmetric; pappus 0 or of 410 scales or bristles
Species in genus: 21 species: w North America, sw South America
Recent taxonomic note: *See revised taxonomy of Baldwin 1999 Novon 9:462471.
Etymology: (Chilean name)
Reference: [Nelson & Nelson 1980 Brittonia 32:323325]
Native |
Annual 150 cm, aromatic
Stems slender, simple below to branched throughout, ± bristly or soft-hairy, especially below, generally stalked-glandular
Leaves 14 cm, strigose to ± bristly
Inflorescence: heads in open, ± flat-topped to panicle-like clusters; peduncles 14 cm, leafless, thread-like, stiff; involucre 2.55 mm, top-shaped; phyllaries densely stalked-glandular (glands yellow), tips not flat; chaff scales strongly fused into ± urn-shaped tube
Ray flowers generally 5 or 8, inconspicuous; corolla tubes 0.61 mm, ligules 0.71 mm, pale yellow
Disk flowers 1(2), fertile; corollas 1.31.8 mm; anthers yellow
Fruit: ray achenes 1.82.9 mm, strongly bowed out, compressed side-to-side, back rounded, sharp-angled toward center of head, glabrous, dark brown or black, beaked, pappus 0; disk achene 1.52.7 mm, obovoid, weakly compressed, glabrous, pappus 0
Chromosomes: 2n=32
Ecology: Grasslands, open woodlands
Elevation: < 2500 m.
Bioregional distribution: California Floristic Province
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, Montana, n Baja California