TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves generally compound, alternate, stipuled; leaflets generally entire
Inflorescence: generally raceme, spike, umbel or head; flowers sometime 12 in axils
Flowers generally bisexual, generally bilateral; hypanthium generally flat or cup-like; sepals generally 5, fused; petals generally 5, free, or the 2 lower ± fused; stamens 1many, often 10 with 9 filaments at least partly fused, 1 (uppermost) free; pistil 1, ovary superior, generally 1-chambered, ovules 1many, style, stigma 1
Fruit: legume, sometimes including a stalk-like base above receptacle, dehiscent, or indehiscent and breaking into 1-seeded segments, or indehiscent, 1-seeded, and achene-like
Seeds 1several, often ± reniform, generally hard, smooth
Genera in family: ± 650 genera, 18,000 species: worldwide; with grasses, requisite in agriculture and most natural ecosystems. Many cultivated, most importantly Arachis , peanut; Glycine , soybean; Phaseolus , beans; Medicago ; Trifolium ; and many orns
Reference: [Polhill & Raven (eds) 1981 Advances in legume systematics; Allen & Allen 1981 Leguminosae]
Family description and key to genera by Duane Isely.
Annual to shrubs; cotyledons generally petioled, withering early
Stem generally erect
Leaves palmately compound in CA, generally cauline; stipules fused to petiole; leaflets 317, generally oblanceolate, entire
Inflorescence: raceme; flowers spiraled or whorled; bracts generally deciduous
Flower: calyx 2-lipped, lobes entire or toothed, generally appendaged between lobes; banner centrally grooved, sides reflexed, wing tips slightly fused, keel generally pointed; stamens 10, filaments fused, 5 long with short anthers, 5 short with long anthers; style brushy
Fruit dehiscent, generally oblong
Seeds 212, generally smooth
Species in genus: ± 200 species: especially w North America, w South America to e US, also tropical South America, Medit
Etymology: (Latin: wolf, from mistaken idea that plants rob soil of nutrients)
Some cultivated for fodder, green manure, edible seed, ornamental; some naturalized from CA in e North America, South America, Australia, s Africa;some (e.g . L. arboreus, L. latifolius, L. leucophyllus ) have alkaloids (especially in seeds, fruits, young herbage) TOXIC to livestock (especially sheep)
Reference: [Barneby 1989 Intermountain Flora 3(B):237267]
Infl length does not include peduncle
Horticultural information: Many lupine taxa need seed pre-treatment (scarification, stratification, inoculation) for successful germination.
Native |
Perennial < 6 dm, matted, hairy
Stem 0 or prostrate to ± erect
Leaves generally basal; stipules 325 mm; petiole 210 cm; leaflets 58, 540 mm
Inflorescence < 30 cm, generally dense; peduncle < 14 cm; pedicel 13 mm; bracts 415 mm, persistent
Flower 611 mm; calyx upper lip 37 mm, entire to 2-toothed, lower lip 47 mm, entire to 3-toothed; petals pink, violet, or blue, banner back glabrous, upper keel margins ciliate, lower keel margins glabrous
Fruit 12 cm, hairy
Seeds 24, 24 mm, ± mottled tan or green to brown
Ecology: Montane to alpine open places
Elevation: 15004000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, High Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, Western Transverse Ranges, San Bernardino Mountains, Great Basin Floristic Province, Desert Mountains
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, Montana, Colorado
Variable complex best characterized by habit, inflorescence, bracts, habitats. Other vars. throughout w North America.
Native |
Plant < 10 cm, hairy to shaggy
Stem prostrate
Leaves generally basal
Inflorescence 28 cm, partly < leaves; bracts 56 mm
Flower 610 mm; banner patch white
Ecology: Dry rocks, meadows
Elevation: 20003500 m.
Bioregional distribution: c High Sierra Nevada, East of Sierra Nevada
Distribution outside California: to Washington, Nevada
Flowering time: JunAug
Synonyms: L. lobbii S. Watson; L. lyalli A. Gray including var. danaus (A. Gray) S. Watson
Horticultural information: TRY.