Jepson Interchange (more information)
Print edition is available from the University of California Press
|
This page is based on the 1993 Jepson Manual.
Please see the Jepson eFlora for up-to-date information about California vascular plants. |
| Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
|
|
TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL |
previous taxon |
next taxon
Jepson Interchange (more information) |
|
©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Print edition is available from the University of California Press |
| The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press | |
| See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition |
Annual to shrubs, generally glandular, some green root-parasites
Stem generally round
Leaves generally alternate, simple, generally ± entire; stipules generally 0
Inflorescence: spike to panicle, generally bracted, or flowers 1–2 in axils
Flower bisexual; calyx lobes generally 5; corolla generally strongly bilateral, generally 2-lipped (upper lip generally 2-lobed, lower lip generally 3-lobed); stamens generally 4 in 2 pairs, generally included, a 5th (generally uppermost) sometimes present as a staminode; pistil 1, ovary superior, chambers generally 2, placentas axile, style 1, stigma lobes generally 2
Fruit: capsule, generally ± ovoid, loculicidal or septicidal
Seed: coat sculpture often characteristic
Genera in family: ± 200 genera, 3000 species: ± worldwide; some cultivated as ornamental (e.g., Antirrhinum, Mimulus, Penstemon ) or medicinal (Digitalis )
Recent taxonomic note: Recently treated to include only Buddleja, Scrophularia, and Verbascum in CA; other genera moved to Orobanchaceae (Castilleja, Cordylanthus, Orthocarpus, Pedicularis, Triphysaria), Phrymaceae (Mimulus), and Plantaginaceae (= Veronicaceae sensu Olmstead et al.)
Key to genera by Elizabeth Chase Neese & Margriet Wetherwax.
Annual to perennial herb, generally glabrous
Stem ascending to erect, simple or branched at base
Leaves generally opposite or whorled (or upper alternate), sessile, simple, linear to ovate, generally wider on non-flower shoots, entire to dentate, pinnately veined
Inflorescence: spike or raceme, terminal; bracts reduced, alternate
Flower: calyx lobes 5, deep, ± equal; corolla 5-lobed, 2-lipped, lower side of tube spurred at base, lower side of throat swollen, ± hairy, ± closing corolla below lips; stamens 4, in 2 pairs, included; stigma small, head-like or lobes 2, flat
Fruit ± spheric, opening by slits into chambers near tip
Seeds many, flat and winged or pyramid-like and ± ridged
Species in genus: ± 100 species: especially Eurasia; many cultivated
Etymology: (Latin: flax, from flax-like leaves of some)
Corolla length includes spur.
| Introduced |
Perennial
Stem 30–100 cm, ascending to erect, simple or not
Leaves crowded, 25–50 mm, linear, glabrous to sparsely soft-shaggy-hairy
Inflorescence: raceme, dense, ± glandular-hairy; pedicel 1–4 mm
Flower: calyx lobes ± 3 mm, unequal; corolla 18–32 mm, yellow, lower lip orange-hairy
Fruit 9–12 mm
Seed 1.5 mm, flat, winged
Chromosomes: 2n=12
Ecology: Disturbed places
Elevation: generally < 1000 m.
Bioregional distribution: California Floristic Province
Distribution outside California: widely naturalized elsewhere; native to Mediterranean
| YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps). |
|