ROSACEAE

ROSE FAMILY

Annual to tree
Leaves simple to pinnately to palmately compound, generally alternate; stipules free to fused, persistent to deciduous
Inflorescence: cyme, raceme, panicle, or flowers solitary
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium free or fused to ovary, saucer- to funnel-shaped, often with bractlets alternate with sepals; sepals generally 5; petals generally 5, free; stamens (0)5–many, pistils (0)1–many, simple or compound; ovary superior to inferior, styles 1–5
Fruit: achene, follicle, drupe, pome, or blackberry- to raspberry-like
Seeds generally 1–5
Genera in family: 110 genera, ± 3000 species: worldwide, especially temp. Many cultivated for ornamental and fruit, especially Cotoneaster , Fragaria , Malus , Prunus , Pyracantha, Rosa , and Rubus
Reference: [Robertson 1974 J Arnold Arbor 55:303–332,344–401,611–662]
Family description, key to genera by Barbara Ertter and Dieter H. Wilken.

HOLODISCUS

Richard A. Lis

Shrub, ± hairy
Stem 3–60 dm; bark reddish, in age gray, shredding
Leaves simple, alternate, 0.3–12 cm, thin to leathery, toothed; base truncate to generally ± wedge-shaped; lower surface strongly veined; stipules 0; petiole distinct or not
Inflorescence: panicle, ± terminal, dense, 2.5–25 cm, ± conic, many-flowered, persistent; pedicel slender, bractlets 1–3
Flower: hypanthium 3–5 mm wide, saucer-shaped, prominent nectary-disk below inner rim; sepals 5, 1–2 mm; petals 5, 1.5–2 mm, ± ovate, generally white; stamens 15–20, wider at base; pistils 5, ovaries superior, 2-ovuled, hairs dense, bristle-like, persistent in fruit, style 1 mm, persistent, stigma ± 2-lobed
Fruit: achenes 5, 1–1.5 mm, often with sessile glands
Species in genus: 5 species: w North America, C.Am, n South America
Etymology: (Greek: whole disk)
Spp. highly variable; leaves of peg-like stems best for identification; complexity in c SNH evidently from local climatic variation, hybridization.

Native

H. discolor (Pursh) Maxim.

OCEANSPRAY

Plant 1.5–6 m, ± open
Stem hairy; glands 0; peg-like stems not very predominant
Leaves of peg-like stems generally 2–4 cm, elliptic, others 2–12 cm, ovate to wide-ovate; teeth generally below middle of blade, generally of 2 sizes; petiole generally distinct, generally not winged
Inflorescence generally not mixed with leaves, 10–25 cm, 5–25 cm wide
Flower: sepal outer surface hairs generally sparse to dense, short, inner surface generally glabrous
Ecology: Moist woodland edges, rocky slopes
Elevation: < 1800 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, High Sierra Nevada, Great Central Valley (Sutter Buttes), Central Western California, Channel Islands, Western Transverse Ranges, San Gabriel Mountains (300–1300 m), Peninsular Ranges
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia, Montana, Colorado, Texas, Mexico
Synonyms: var. delnortensis Ley; var. dumosus (S. Watson) Dippel; var. franciscanus (Rydb.) Jeps.; H. boursieri (Carrière) Rehder
Horticultural information: DRN: 4, 5, 6, 15, 16, 17 &SHD: 18, 24 &IRR: 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, 9, 14, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23; CVS.