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ASTERACEAE

SUNFLOWER FAMILY

David J. Keil, Family Editor and author, except as specified

Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.

HAZARDIA

Gregory K. Brown and W. Dennis Clark

Perennial or shrub, generally resinous
Stems < 2.5 m, leafy
Leaves generally sessile or short-petioled
Inflorescence: heads radiate or discoid; involucres obconic to bell-shaped; phyllaries in several overlapping series, linear to oblanceolate, generally recurved
Ray flowers 0–25; corollas < 9 mm, yellow
Disk flowers 4–60; corollas 4–10 mm, gradually flared from middle
Fruit 1–10 mm, 4–5-angled; pappus of 20–60 bristles, 2.5–12 mm, white to reddish brown
Species in genus: 13 species: w North America
Etymology: (Barclay Hazard, 19th Century CA botanist)
Reference: [Clark 1979 Madroño 26:105–127]

Native

H. squarrosa (Hook. & Arn.) Greene

SAW-TOOTHED GOLDENBUSH

Shrub 3–23 dm, glabrous to sparsely hairy, often ± resinous
Leaves 1.5–5 cm, leathery or stiffly papery, oblong to obovate, obtuse, toothed
Inflorescence: heads discoid; involucre 7–10 mm wide, obconic; phyllaries 30–60, 3–10 mm, oblong to lanceolate
Disk flowers 9–30; corollas 9–11 mm, tinged red
Fruit 5–8 mm, 5-angled, glabrous; pappus 7–12 mm, white to reddish brown
Chromosomes: 2n=10
Ecology: scrub
Elevation: < 1300 m.
Bioregional distribution: s San Joaquin Valley, Outer South Coast Ranges, Southwestern California
Distribution outside California: n Baja California
Synonyms: Haplopappus s. Hook. & Arn

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