| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, or ± woody, generally hairy
Leaves simple to compound, basal and cauline; cauline alternate or opposite, stipules present
Inflorescence: cyme or umbel
Flower bisexual, radial or ± bilateral; sepals 5, free, overlapping in bud; petals 5, free, with nectar glands at base; stamens generally 5 or 10; staminodes scale-like or 0; pistil 5-lobed, chambers 5, placentas axile, styles 5, fused to axis, columnar in fruit, stigmas atop axis 5, free
Fruit: segments 5, dry, 1–2-seeded, separating from each other and then from column; fruit body dehiscent on 1 side or not; part of style persistent atop ovary and separating with it, curved to tightly coiled when dry
Genera in family: 14 genera, ± 750 species: temp, ± tropical. Some cultivated for ornamental, perfume oils
Reference: [Robertson 1972 J Arnold Arbor 53:182–201]
Family description, key to genera by M.S. Taylor.
Annual, perennial herb
Leaves palmately lobed or divided; upper alternate or opposite; blade generally round in outline, base generally cordate, ± hairy
Inflorescence: cyme; flowers (1)2
Flower: sepals awned or not; stamens 10, outer 5 opposite petals, inner 5 alternate petals
Fruit: body dehiscent, generally ovoid, 1–2-seeded, base rounded; style column narrowed at top below free stigmas, forming a beak in fruit; part of style persistent to fruit body glabrous to puberulent on side facing column
Species in genus: 250–300 species: temp, tropical mtns
Etymology: (Greek: crane, from beak-like fruit)
Reference: [Jones & Jones 1943 Rhodora 45:5–26;32–53]
Some ornamental, cultivated for oils. Native per (especially G. californicum, G. richardsonii ) vary regionally, are often difficult to separate, need further study.
| Introduced |
Perennial
Stem ascending to erect, 5–15 dm, glabrous to sparsely hairy, 5–10 mm wide in lower half
Leaves: lower 15–30 cm; blades 8–20 cm wide; leaflets generally 5, 6–10 cm, subsessile, pinnately lobed to dissected
Flower: pedicel 5–10 mm; sepals 8–14 mm, soft-hairy, awned; petals 10–15 mm, rounded, pink to red-purple
Fruit: body 3–4 mm, with net-like ridges, glabrous; style column 16–20 mm, beak 7–9 mm
Seed finely pitted
Ecology: Open to shaded sites
Elevation: < 200 m.
Bioregional distribution: San Francisco Bay Area
Distribution outside California: native to Madeira Island (off nw Africa)