| TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1–many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1–many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)4–5; stamens 4–5, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):1–28. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual, perennial herb
Stems erect; branches ascending
Leaves basal and alternate, simple, sessile or petioled, entire or toothed, 3-veined from base
Inflorescence: heads radiate or discoid, solitary or in few-headed panicles; peduncles ± elongated; involucre hemispheric; phyllaries in 2–3 series, free; receptacle chaffy, scales folded around fruits and falling with them
Ray flowers sterile; style 0; ligules yellow
Disk flowers many; corollas yellow, tube slender, throat gradually expanded, lobes triangular; anther tips ovate, ± acute; style tips triangular
Fruit strongly compressed, narrowly wedge-shaped; edges ± white, long-ciliate; faces black, ± hairy; pappus of 2 narrow awns
Species in genus: 2 species: sw US, nw Mex
Etymology: (Greek: old, from white-haired involucre)
| Native |
Perennial from underground caudex; herbage densely glandular-puberulent and ± bristly
Stems several from caudex, 3–10 dm, simple or few-branched
Leaves 3–9 cm, sessile; blade ovate to oblong, green, tip obtuse, base with ear-like basal lobes, margin entire or dentate
Inflorescence: heads discoid, solitary or several in ± flat-topped clusters; involucre 10–15 mm; phyllaries narrowly lance-oblong, obtuse, green, densely glandular
Ray flowers 0
Disk flowers: corollas 6–8 mm
Fruit 7–10 mm; pappus awns 3–5 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=36
Ecology: Openings in chaparral
Elevation: 450–1700 m.
Bioregional distribution: s Peninsular Ranges (s San Diego Co.)
Distribution outside California: nw Baja California