TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual, perennial herb, shrub, tree, vine, monoecious or dioecious
Stem generally branched, sometimes fleshy or spiny
Leaves generally simple, alternate or opposite, generally stipuled, petioled; blade entire, toothed, or palmately lobed
Inflorescence: cyme, panicle, raceme, spike; flowers sometimes in clusters (dense, enclosed by involucre, flower-like in Chamaesyce, Euphorbia ), terminal or axillary
Flower unisexual, ± radial; sepals generally 35, free or fused; petals generally 0; stamens 1many, free or filaments fused; ovary superior, chambers 14, styles free or fused, simple or lobed
Fruit: generally capsule
Seeds 12 per chamber; seed scar appendage sometimes present, pad- to dome-like
Genera in family: 300 genera, 7500 species: ± worldwide especially tropical; some cultivated (Aleurites , tung oil; Euphorbia subsp.; Hevea , rubber; Ricinus )
Reference: [Webster 1967 J Arnold Arbor 48:303430]
Many species ± highly TOXIC .
Annual, perennial herb, subshrub, generally monoecious; sap clear; hairs 0 or generally 2-forked, generally appressed
Stems spreading to erect, 110 dm
Leaves simple, alternate, stipuled
Inflorescence: raceme, axillary; staminate flowers generally above pistillate flowers; axis generally densely appressed-hairy; bracts entire
Staminate flower: sepals 5, edges abutting in bud; petals 5; stamens 515, generally in 2 sets, some > others, filaments fused into a column, staminodes 03 at column tip
Pistillate flower: sepals 5, overlapping in bud; petals 5; nectar disk ± dissected; ovary 3-chambered, styles 3, 2-lobed
Fruit smooth
Seeds: surface net-like to finely pitted; scar not appendaged
Species in genus: ± 50 species: tropical, warm temp Am
Etymology: (Greek: 2-ranked, from 2 sets of anthers)
Native |
Annual or perennial herb
Stem 13.5 dm, densely appressed-hairy
Leaf 13.5 cm; stipules 11.5 mm, entire; blade lanceolate, ± hairy, margin ± entire
Staminate flower: sepals 22.5 mm; petals ± 2 mm, glabrous; stamen column ± 1 mm
Pistillate flower: sepals 34 mm, back hairy, margin ± entire, ± white; petals ± 2.5 mm, lanceolate, glabrous or appressed-hairy, hairs not exceeding petal tip; ovary stiff-hairy; styles free, lobe tips not expanded
Fruit 34 mm
Seed ± 2 mm, angled, pitted
Ecology: Slopes, creosote-bush scrub
Elevation: < 300 m.
Bioregional distribution: s edge Mojave Desert, Sonoran Desert
Distribution outside California: to Texas, Mexico
Flowering time: MarDec