TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
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Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Annual, sometimes aromatic
Stems branched, erect or decumbent
Leaves alternate, irregularly 23-pinnately lobed; segments linear; petiole short or 0
Inflorescence: heads discoid, solitary or 23; receptacle conic, naked; phyllaries in 23 unequal series, margins scarious
Flowers many, yellow, tubular, 4-lobed, narrowed above; anthers very small, tips ovate, bases rounded or ± cordate; style short, branches truncate with shrub-like tips
Fruit cylindric, sometimes gelatinous when wet, ribbed; pappus a narrow crown or 0
Species in genus: ± 5 species: Eur, North America
Recent taxonomic note: *For revised taxonomy of Chamomilla, see Bremer & Humphries 1993 Bull Nat Hist Mus Lind (Bot) 23: 71177
Etymology: (Derivation of name not known)
Reference: [Moe 1977 Dissertation, Univ CA, Berkeley]
Introduced |
Plants (1)1030(50) cm; herbage sweet-scented
Stems generally branched from base
Leaves < 5 cm, glabrous, sessile
Inflorescence: heads generally ± 1 cm diam, conic, shattering at maturity
Flowers: corollas 12 mm
Fruit 35-veined, gelatinous when wet; tip truncate; pappus a narrow crown, with linear, brown glands extending nearly length of achene
Chromosomes: 2n=18
Ecology: Abundant. Disturbed sites, sandbars, riverbanks, footpaths, roadsides, grazed land
Elevation: generally < 800(2400) m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, North Coast Ranges, High Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, Great Central Valley, w Central Western California, South Coast
Distribution outside California: native to nw N.America, ne Asia
Synonyms: Matricaria matricarioides (Less.) Porter