TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Shrub, vine, tree, generally erect, often thorny
Leaves simple, generally alternate, often clustered on short-shoots, generally petioled, generally stipuled; blade often 13-ribbed from base
Inflorescence: cyme, panicle, or flowers solitary in axils
Flower generally bisexual, radial; hypanthium subtending, surrounding, or partly fused to ovary; sepals 4 or 5; petals 0, 4, or 5, clawed; stamens 4 or 5, alternate sepals, attached to hypanthium top, each generally fitting into a petal concavity; ovary superior or partly inferior, chambers 25, each 12-ovuled, style lobes or parts 13
Fruit: capsule, drupe
Genera in family: 55 genera, 900 species: especially tropical, subtropical; some cultivated (Ceanothus ; Colletia , anchor-plant; Gouania ; Phylica ; Rhamnus ; Ventilago ; Ziziphus )
Reference: [Brizicky 1965 J Arnold Arbor 45:439463]
Shrub, small tree, prostrate to erect, thorny or not
Stem: branches generally arranged as leaves
Leaves alternate or opposite, deciduous or evergreen, petioled; blade 13-ribbed from base, margin entire or not
Inflorescence: generally panicle-like aggregations of umbel-like, 3-flowered clusters
Flower generally < 5 mm; hypanthium surrounding fleshy disk below ovary base, in fruit thick, not splitting; sepals generally 5, lanceolate-deltate, incurved, colored like petals, persistent; petals generally 5, hooded, white to deep blue; stamens generally 5, opposite petals; ovary superior, 3-lobed, chambers 3, each 1-ovuled, style parts 3
Fruit: capsule, ± spheric, 3-valved
Seeds 3, ± 3 mm, 1 surface convex
Species in genus: 45 species: North America, especially w
Etymology: (Greek: thorny plant)
Reference: [Rensselaer & McMinn 1942 Ceanothus Santa Barbara Bot Gard 1308]
Hybridization common (named hybrids not recognized here); hybrid forms may not key adequately.
Native |
Plant prostrate, < 2.5 m wide
Stem rooting at nodes or not; twigs round, red-brown, ± puberulent, becoming gray-brown
Leaves opposite, evergreen, < 3.2 cm; stipules persistent; petiole < 3 mm; blade oblanceolate to obovate, 1-ribbed from base, firm, tip obtuse, margin generally 39-toothed at tip or above middle; upper surface flat, surface green, ± glabrous, lower surface paler, veins generally hairy, canescent between
Inflorescence raceme-like, < 2 cm
Flower light to deep blue, lavender, or purple
Fruit 59 mm; horns ± on sides, not slender, wrinkled; ridges prominent
Chromosomes: 2n=24
Ecology: Open flats, coniferous forest
Elevation: 9002200 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, North Coast Ranges, High Cascade Range, n&c High Sierra Nevada, Modoc Plateau
Distribution outside California: to Washington, w Nevada
Plants with large leaves and fruits have been called var. laxus Jeps.; plants with small, sometimes cupped, wavy-margined leaves and small fruits from NCoR have been called var. occidentalis McMinn
Horticultural information: DRN, DRY: 4, 5, 6, 15, 16 &SHD; 1, 2, 3, 14, 18; DFCLT, GRCVR.