TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL (1993) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
For up-to-date information about California vascular plants, visit the Jepson eFlora. |
AND IS MAINTAINED FOR ARCHIVAL PURPOSES ONLY |
Annual to tree
Leaves basal or cauline, alternate to whorled, simple to compound
Inflorescence: 1° inflorescence a head, each resembling a flower, 1many, generally arrayed in cymes, generally subtended by ± calyx-like involucre; flowers 1many per head
Flowers bisexual, unisexual, or sterile, ± small, of several types; calyx 0 or modified into pappus of bristles, scales, or awns, which is generally persistent in fruit; corolla radial or bilateral (rarely 0), lobes generally (0)45; stamens 45, anthers generally fused into cylinder around style, often appendaged at tips, bases, or both, filaments generally free, generally attached to corolla near throat; pistil 1, ovary inferior, 1-chambered, 1-seeded, style 1, branches 2, generally hair-tufted at tip, stigmas 2, generally on inside of style branches
Fruit: achene, cylindric to ovoid, generally deciduous with pappus attached
Genera in family: ± 1300 genera, 21,000 species (largest family of dicots): worldwide. Largest family in CA. Also see tribal key to CA genera: Strother 1997 Madroño 44(1):128. See glossary p. 25 for illustrations of general family characteristics.
Perennial, often matted, dioecious; staminate plants generally present
Leaves alternate, entire, generally ± tomentose
Inflorescence: heads discoid or disciform, 1 or in cyme-like clusters; phyllaries many in several series, papery or membranous (staminate wider, more conspicuous); receptacle naked
Staminate flowers 25 mm; corollas white, yellow, or red; pappus bristle tips generally enlarged
Pistillate flowers 210 mm; corollas barely lobed, white, yellow or red
Fruit 0.53.5 mm, ± elliptic; pappus bristles many, soft, weakly barbed
Species in genus: ± 40 species: Am, n Eurasia
Etymology: (Latin: antenna)
Reference: [Bayer 1990 Can J Bot 68:13891397 and Madroño 37:171183]
Many races reproduce by asexual seeds, their populations entirely pistillate plants.
Native |
Plants generally all pistillate
Stems 940 cm; stolons short, horizontal or ascending
Leaves: basal 840 mm, spoon- to wedge-shaped, 1-veined, ± gray-tomentose; cauline 636 mm
Inflorescence: heads 316; involucre 3.57.5 mm, base hairy; phyllaries wide, acute, tips white, rose, yellowish, or brownish
Pistillate flowers: corollas 2.55.5 mm
Fruit 0.71.8 mm, papillate or smooth; pappus 3.56.5 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=42,56,70
Ecology: Woods, meadow edges, rock barrens, dry ridges
Elevation: 12003700 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, High Cascade Range, High Sierra Nevada, San Gabriel Mountains, San Bernardino Mountains, San Jacinto Mountains, Great Basin Floristic Province
Distribution outside California: to Alaska, e Canada, New Mexico
Synonyms: A. microphylla Rydb. misapplied, in part
Highly variable; subspp. intergrade extensively.
Native |
Stems 925 cm; stolons decumbent, 1545 mm
Leaves: basal 820 mm; cauline 620 mm
Inflorescence: heads 411; involucre 46.5 mm; phyllaries often brown
Flower: corollas 2.54 mm
Fruit: pappus 3.55 mm
Ecology:Habitat and range of sp.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, High Cascade Range, High Sierra Nevada, San Gabriel Mountains, San Bernardino Mountains, San Jacinto Mountains, Great Basin Floristic Province
Flowering time: JunAug