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Introduced

A. brachychaetum (Godr.) Barkworth


Stem 4–10 dm
Leaf: sheath glabrous; blade 1–2 mm wide
Inflorescence 20–30 cm
Spikelet: glumes 6–8 mm, ± equal; floret 4.5–5.5 mm; callus blunt; lemma tip hairs 0.8–1.7 mm, > body hairs, awn 15–20 mm, bent twice
Ecology: Disturbed sites
Elevation: < 300 m.
Bioregional distribution: nw San Joaquin Valley (eradicated from San Joaquin Valley in Fresno Co.), n South Coast
Distribution outside California: native to Argentina
Synonyms: Stipa b. Godr
Weedy.

Introduced

T. flavescens (L.) P. Beauv.

Perennial
Stems 6–8 dm, solitary to clumped
Leaves basal and cauline; ligule < 1 mm; cauline blade 3–6 mm wide
Inflorescence panicle-like, 7–14 cm, ovoid to elliptic in outline; lower branches weakly ascending; central axis ± exposed, glabrous
Spikelets generally on distal 4/5 of lower branches (sometimes axillary); glumes lanceolate, acute, lower ± 4 mm, upper 5–6 mm; lemmas 4–5 mm, awn 4–7 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=24,28
Ecology: Meadows, redwood forest
Elevation: < 100 m.
Bioregional distribution: North Coast
Distribution outside California: to Canada, e US; native to temperate Europe

Native

T. spicatum (L.) K. Richt.

Perennial, cespitose
Stems 0.5–4 dm, densely clumped
Leaves mostly basal, tufted; ligule 1–3 mm; cauline blade generally 1–4 mm wide
Inflorescence spike-like, 2–8(10) cm, dense, cylindric to narrowly elliptic in outline; lower branches erect, ± appressed; axis hairy, hidden by spikelets
Spikelets on branches from base to tip; glumes lanceolate, acute, lower 5–6 mm, upper 6–7 mm; lemmas 4–5 mm, awn 4–8 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=14,28,42
Ecology: Open, dry to moist sites, meadows, streambanks
Elevation: 1400–4000 m (KR: 150–2000 m).
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, High Cascade Range, Sierra Nevada, n East of Sierra Nevada, White and Inyo Mountains
Distribution outside California: temperate America, Eurasia
Flowering time: Jul–Aug
Horticultural information: DRN, SUN: 4, 5, 6 &IRR: 1, 2, 7, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.

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