Jepson Interchange (more information)
Print edition is available from the University of California Press
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This page is based on the 1993 Jepson Manual.
Please see the Jepson eFlora for up-to-date information about California vascular plants. |
| Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
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TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Print edition is available from the University of California Press |
| The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press | |
| See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition |
Perennial, terrestrial in CA, some nongreen, generally from rhizomes
Leaves linear to ± round or scale-like, generally sessile
Inflorescence: generally raceme or spike, bracted
Flower bisexual, bilateral, sometimes spurred; sepals generally 3, generally petal-like, generally free, uppermost generally erect; petals 3, lowest different ("lip"); stamen generally 1, fused with style and stigma into column, pollen generally sticky, generally removed as sessile anther sacs; ovary inferior, generally twisted 180° (so lip appears to be lowest perianth segment), 1-chambered, placentas 3, parietal; stigmas 3, generally under column tip
Fruit: capsule
Seeds very many, minute
Genera in family: ± 800 genera, ± 18,000 species: especially tropical (worldwide except deserts). Many cultivated for ornamental, especially Cattelya, Cymbidium, Epidendrum, Oncidium, Paphiopedalum; Vanilla planifolia fruits used as source of food flavoring
Reference: [Luer 1975 Orchids US and Can, NY Bot Garden; Coleman 1995 Wild Orchids of California, Cornell Univ.]
Nongreen plants derive nutrition through fungal intermediates.
Rhizomes slender
Leaves cauline, 2, ± opposite, generally ovate to ± round
Inflorescence: raceme, ± open; flower bract < flower
Flower: sepals ± equal, green to purplish, lower spreading; lateral petals ± like sepals, ascending to erect; lip generally > sepals and petals, spreading to descending, generally wedge-shaped, flat, tip entire to deeply lobed; column ± subcylindric, straight to curved, anther at tip
Fruit generally spreading
Species in genus: ± 25 species: temp and arctic North America, Eurasia
Etymology: (Martin Lister, English naturalist, 1638–1711)
| Native |
Plant 6–25 cm
Leaf: blade 1–4 cm, base cordate
Inflorescence 2.5–4 cm
Flower: sepals 2–4 mm, oblong to narrowly elliptic; lip 8–10 mm, oblong below middle, with 2 short teeth at base, deeply 2-lobed above middle, lobes linear; column 0.5–1.5 mm
Chromosomes: 2n=36,38,40,42
Ecology: Shady, mixed-evergreen or coniferous forest
Elevation: 100–1300 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges
Distribution outside California: to Alaska, e N.America, EurasiaHorticultural information: In cultivation.
See the CNPS Inventory for information about endangerment and rarity.| YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps). |
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