Jepson Interchange (more information)
Print edition is available from the University of California Press
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This page is based on the 1993 Jepson Manual.
Please see the Jepson eFlora for up-to-date information about California vascular plants. |
| Jepson Flora Project: Jepson Interchange |
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TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL |
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Jepson Interchange (more information) |
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©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California
Print edition is available from the University of California Press |
| The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press | |
| See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition |
Perennial to trees, from membranous bulb, fibrous corm, scaly rhizome, or erect caudex
Stem generally underground
Leaves generally basal, often withering early, alternate, generally ± linear
Inflorescence various, generally bracted
Flower generally bisexual, generally radial; perianth often showy, segments generally 6 in two petal-like whorls (outer sometimes sepal-like), free or fused at base; stamens 6 (or 3 + generally 3 ± petal-like staminodes), filaments sometimes attached to perianth or fused into a tube or crown; ovary superior or inferior, chambers 3, placentas generally axile, style generally 1, stigmas generally 3
Fruit: generally capsule, loculicidal or septicidal (berry or nut)
Genera in family: ± 300 genera, 4600 species: especially ± dry temp and subtropical; many cultivated for ornamental or food;some TOXIC . Here includes genera sometimes treated in Agavaceae, Amaryllidaceae, and other families.
Perennial; rhizomes long, horizontal
Stem simple or branched
Leaves alternate, sessile or clasping, oblong to ovate, acute to acuminate
Inflorescence: flowers 1–2 on slender, twisted peduncles that are fused to stem for 1 internode (and thus appear to originate opposite the leaf above their actual origin)
Flower bell- to saucer-shaped; perianth parts 6, petal-like, outer flat, inner ± keeled, slightly narrower; stamens 6, filaments flat, anthers abruptly tipped; ovary superior, chambers 3, style 1, entire or 3-lobed
Fruit: berry, greenish to dark red
Seeds 3–15, elliptic, grooved or wrinkled
Species in genus: 7 species: North America, Eurasia
Etymology: (Greek: twisted foot, from peduncles)
| Native |
Rhizome thick; roots thick, fibrous
Stem 30–100 cm, repeatedly branched, glabrous to densely hairy
Leaf 5–15 cm, 2–5 cm wide, entire or minutely dentate, cordate-clasping, acuminate, ± glaucous below
Flower 9–15 mm, bell-shaped; perianth parts narrowly oblong-lanceolate, spreading to ± recurved at tips, white, tinged (yellow-)green, inner clasping stamens; stamens 6, outer filaments ± 1 mm, inner 2–3 mm; style 4–5 mm, thick, ± entire
Fruit 10–15 mm, yellow or red
Seeds many, ± 3 mm, grooved
Chromosomes: n=16
Ecology: Moist, shaded areas
Elevation: 250–1700 m.
Bioregional distribution: Klamath Ranges, High North Coast Ranges, High Cascade Range
Distribution outside California: to Alaska, c N.America
Synonyms: var. denticulatus FassettHorticultural information: SHD, WET, DRN: 4, 5, 6, 7, 15, 16, 17; DFCLT.
| YOU CAN HELP US make sure that our distributional information is correct and current. If you know that a plant occurs in a wild, reproducing state in a Jepson bioregion NOT highlighted on the map, please contact us with that information. Please realize that we cannot incorporate range extensions without access to a voucher specimen, which should (ultimately) be deposited in an herbarium. You can send the pressed, dried collection (with complete locality information indicated) to us (e-mail us for details) or refer us to an accessioned herbarium specimen. Non-occurrence of a plant in an indicated area is difficult to document, but we will especially value your input on those types of possible errors (see automatic conversion of distribution data to maps). |
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