TREATMENT FROM THE JEPSON MANUAL	previous taxon | next taxon Jepson Interchange (more information)
	©Copyright 1993 by the Regents of the University of California Print edition is available from the University of California Press

	The second edition of The Jepson Manual (2012) is available from the University of California Press
	See also the Jepson eFlora, which parallels the Second Edition

LILIACEAE

LILY FAMILY

Dale W. McNeal, except as specified

Perennial to trees, from membranous bulb, fibrous corm, scaly rhizome, or erect caudex
Stem generally underground
Leaves generally basal, often withering early, alternate, generally ± linear
Inflorescence various, generally bracted
Flower generally bisexual, generally radial; perianth often showy, segments generally 6 in two petal-like whorls (outer sometimes sepal-like), free or fused at base; stamens 6 (or 3 + generally 3 ± petal-like staminodes), filaments sometimes attached to perianth or fused into a tube or crown; ovary superior or inferior, chambers 3, placentas generally axile, style generally 1, stigmas generally 3
Fruit: generally capsule, loculicidal or septicidal (berry or nut)
Genera in family: ± 300 genera, 4600 species: especially ± dry temp and subtropical; many cultivated for ornamental or food; some TOXIC. Here includes genera sometimes treated in Agavaceae, Amaryllidaceae, and other families.

DICHELOSTEMMA

Glenn Keator

Perennial from spheric, fibrous-coated corm; cormlets generally sessile
Leaves basal, 2–5, narrowly lanceolate, generally keeled, entire, glabrous, sometimes withered by flower
Inflorescence umbel- or raceme-like, generally dense (pedicels < flower); axis generally curved to twining, cylindric; bracts 2–4, ± papery
Flower: perianth tube cylindric to bell-shaped, lobes 6 in 2 petal-like whorls; staminodes generally 0 (stamen-like in 1 sp.); stamens 3 (6 in 1 sp.), filaments fused to perianth and into a crown-like tube, free filaments generally ± 0, anthers attached at base; style 1, stigma 3-lobed
Fruit: capsule, generally not stalked, generally ovoid, 3-angled, loculicidal
Seeds sharply angled, black
Chromosomes: n=9
Species in genus: 5 species: w US, especially n CA
Etymology: (Greek: toothed crown, from stamen appendages)
Reference: [Keator 1992 Four Seasons 9:24–39]

Native

D. congestum (Sm.) Kunth

OOKOW

Leaves 3–4, 4–10 cm, ± glaucous, strongly keeled
Inflorescence raceme-like, very dense; axis < 80 cm, ± scabrous; bracts widely lanceolate, pale purple to green; pedicels 1–6 mm; flowers 6–15
Flower: perianth blue-purple, tube 8–10 mm, narrowly ovoid, slightly narrowed above ovary, lobes ascending, 8–10 mm; filament crown segments erect, 5–6 mm, narrowly lanceolate, deeply notched, purplish, outer filaments minute stubs, inner anthers 4–5 mm; ovary sessile, style 5–6 mm
Chromosomes: n=9,18
Ecology: Open woodland, grassland near coast
Elevation: 0–2000 m.
Bioregional distribution: Northwestern California, Cascade Range, n Sierra Nevada, San Francisco Bay Area
Distribution outside California: to British Columbia
Synonyms: Brodiaea c. Sm.; B. pulchella (Salisb.) Greene misapplied
Horticultural information: DRN, DRY, SUN: 4, 5, 6, 7, 9, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24.